820 CHAKADKI1D./E 



coverts, variegated like those of the back ; lateral ones, 

 white ; lower breast, abdomen, and under tail-coverts, pure 

 white. 



Adult female nuptial. Similar to the male plumage, 

 except that the rufous shading is duller, the fore-neck being 

 marked with blackish streaks. 



Adult winter, male and female} Top of head and hind- 

 neck, light bluish-grey finely pencilled with black lines ; 

 back, scapulars, and inner secondaries, light bluish-grey, 

 with indistinct darker streaks ; wing-coverts, barred with 

 black and white ; primaries, blackish, the shorter ones show- 

 ing white near their bases ; secondaries, chiefly white ; tail, 

 greyish-white, the central feathers darker ; forehead, cheeks, 

 throat, rest of neck, breast, abdomen, and under tail-coverts, 

 pure white ; there is also an indistinct white line over the 

 eye, and there are a few grey feathers along the sides of 

 the breast ; birds in their first year's winter dress are some- 

 what darker in shade in the upper parts and the inner 

 secondaries are variegated with black and white, and are 

 shorter in length. 



Immature, male and female. Top of head, hind-neck, 

 back, scapulars, and inner secondaries, variegated with black 

 and whitish-buff ; wing-coverts, greyish, barred with white, 

 and spotted with black ; cheeks, throat, breast, abdomen, 

 and under tail-coverts, white ; the breast and cheeks being 

 washed with pale yellow-buff; over the eye is an indistinct 

 whitish stripe ; tail and primaries resemble those of the 

 adult. 



BEAK. Blackish ; straight, and varying but little in 

 length. 



FEET. Black ; hind-toe absent, a noticeable feature. 



IRIDES. Blackish-brown. 



AVERAGE MEASUREMENTS. 



TOTAL LENGTH ... ... ... 8 in. 



WING 4-7 



BEAK ... ... 1 



TABSO- METATARSUS 1 



EGG 1*4 x 1 in. 



1 I have specimens in my collection in almost full winter-plumage 

 shot in the month of August. 



