GEEAT AUK 479 



greater wing-coverts, brownish, edged with blackish-brown ; 

 axillaries and under wing-coverts, dirty white, washed with 

 dull buff or mud-brown colour. The bases of the brown 

 feathers are for the most part lighter than the tips ; feathers 

 of the middle of the back very ruffled from the moult and 

 many missing ; the down of the breast and abdomen, 

 whitish, that of the upper parts, light brown. 



BEAK. Blackish-brown ; on either side of the upper 

 segment are five furrows, of which four are close together 

 near the tip, the remaining one near the base being 

 separated by an interval ; on either side of the lower 

 segment are ten shorter furrows, all close together near the 

 tip ; on the left side the two most distal furrows are feebly 

 marked ; lower border of the under segment somewhat sword- 

 shaped ; whole beak, laterally compressed, the culmen being 

 sharp, narrow, and strongly curved downwards ; the point of 

 the upper segment does not project beyond that of the 

 lower. The beak gapes slightly. The nasal openings, which 

 are linear, are almost hidden from view by a dense covering of 

 short feathers. 



FEET. Blackish ; some of the scales of each tarso- 

 metatarsus being chipped and worn ; toe-nails, moderately 

 sharp ; middle toe-nail, slightly curved outwards. 



IRIDES. Light yellowish-brown, or almost deep orange 

 in shade. 



MEASUREMENTS. 



TOTAL LENGTH. From top of head to tip of tail 23 in. 



Chin to tip of tail ... ... 22 ,, 



HEIGHT (standing) ... ... ... ... ... 23 ,, 



BREADTH. Across middle of back 13 ,, 



,, Across middle of breast ... ... 10 ,, 



TlP OF BEAK TO OCCIPUT ... ... ... ... 7'75 ,, 



CHIN TO OCCIPUT ... ... ... ... ... 4*25 ,, 



FRONT OF EYE TO BASE OF BEAK ... ... ... 2'25 ,, 



BACK OF EYE TO OCCIPUT ... ... ... ... 2*25 ,, 



DIAMETER OF ORBITAL OPENING ... ... ... 0'5 



LENGTH OF WING ... ... ... ... ... 5 



EXPANSE OF WING. Carpal joint moderately 



folded (see Plate LI.) 4 



CARPAL JOINT TO TIPS OF SECONDARIES ... ... 3 



KECTRICES (tips of most feathers worn off) ... 3 



BEAK. Upper margin (culmen) 3'5 



