PUFFIN 501 



of head, light greyish- white, the cheeks of a lighter shade ; 

 neck completely surrounded by a broad black collar ; back, 

 scapulars, wings, and upper tail-coverts, glossy-black ; tail 

 (of 16 feathers), black ; primaries, brownish-black ; breast, 

 abdomen, and under tail-coverts, white. 



Adult female nuptial. Similar in plumage to the male. 



Adult winter, male and female. Similar to the nuptial 

 plumage except that the cheeks are dark grey, especially in 

 front of the eye, where they are almost mouse-brown 

 colour. The gloss of the dark feathers is faintly developed. 



Immature, male and female. Cheeks, deep grey ; 

 feathers in front of the eye, black, as in the adult winter- 

 plumage. 



Nestling. Jet-black. 



BEAK. Very deep from above downwards, but flattened 

 from side to side. Coloured in distinct areas ; basal portion, 

 blue ; terminal portion, carmine ; narrow intermediate por- 

 tion, light yellow ; tip, dark horn-colour. Each side of the 

 beak is grooved and ridged as already described. In winter 

 it is shallower as the outer sheath is shed (Bureau, Bull. 

 Soc. Zool., France, ii, pp. 377-399, also translation by 

 Harting, ' Zoologist,' 1878, p. 233). 



FEET. Orange-colour. 



IRIDES. Greyish- white. 



AVERAGE MEASUREMENTS. 



TOTAL LENGTH 13 in, 



WING .. ,'..' ... ... 6 ,, 



BEAK - 1'75 



TARSO-METATARSUS ... ... 1 ,, 



EGG 2-25 x 1-6 in. 



Allied Species and Representative Forms. F. glacialis, a 

 large race from Spitzbergen, probably occurs sparingly in 

 Novaya Zemlya and more plentifully on the coast of Green- 

 land up to lat. 70 N. 



