FAREWELL TO THE CARIBOU 259 



were in passing this point; but at another place they 

 were four days, and travelled day and night. The 

 whole world seemed a moving mass of Caribou. He 

 got the impression at last that they were standing still 

 and he was on a rocky hill that was rapidly running 

 through their hosts. 



Even halving these figures, to keep on the safe side, 

 we find that the number of Caribou in this army was 

 over 25,000,000. Yet it is possible that there are sev- 

 eral such armies. In which case they must indeed out- 

 number the Buffalo in their palmiest epoch. So much 

 for their abundance to-day. To what extent are they 

 being destroyed? I looked into this question with care. 



First, of the Indian destruction. In 1812 the Chipe- 

 wyan population, according to Kennicott, was 7,500. 

 Thomas Anderson, of Fort Smith, showed me a census 

 of the Mackenzie River Indians, which put them at 

 3,961 in 1884. Official returns of the Canadian govern- 

 ment give them in 1905 at 3,411, as follows: 



Peel 400 



Arctic Red River 100 



Good Hope 500 



Norman 300 



Wrigley 100 



Simpson 300 



Rae 800 



Liard and Nelson 400 



Yellowknives 151 



Dogribs ......... 123 



Chipewyans 123 



Hay River 114 



3,411 



