86 ARISTOCRATS OF THE GARDEN 



branches until the middle of November. Another 

 shrub or slender tree is C. pruinosa with horizontally 

 spreading branches and large, sub-globose purple-red 

 fruits in clusters ripening late in October and remain- 

 ing on the branches until about the end of November. 

 The Cockspur Thorn (C. crus-galli) is a moderate-sized 

 tree with rigid, spreading branches and drooping 

 clusters of fairly large sub-globose dull red fruits which 

 ripen late in October and remain on the branches until 

 spring. Mention must also be made of C. punctata 

 which has drooping clusters of large sub-globose fruits, 

 dull red or bright yellow in color and which ripen 

 and fall in October. This well-known Hawthorn is 

 a moderately flat-topped tree with stout, straight 

 spreading branches and is widely distributed from the 

 St. Lawrence Valley to North Carolina and to Illinois. 

 The best known of the Old World Hawthorns are 

 C. Oxyacantha and C. monogyna of which there are 

 very many varieties and in which dull red-colored 

 fruits predominate. A species from northern China 

 and Mandshuria (C. pinnatifida) with red fruits is one 

 of the best of all Hawthorns. The wild form is a 

 medium-sized shrub with relatively small fruits, but 

 this species has long been cultivated as a fruit tree 

 in orchards in northern China and by cultivation it 

 has developed into a tree with large and edible fruit. 



