96 ARISTOCRATS OF THE GARDEN 



and L. involucrata from western North America. The 

 last named has jet-black fruit on a fleshy crimson 

 receptacle. 



The Privets (Ligustrum) all have black fruits and 

 the hardiest of all and the most beautiful in fruit is 

 the European L. vulgare, here and there naturalized 

 in this section of America, and its variety foliosum. 

 These most desirable shrubs have large shining black 

 fruits in clusters and ought to be generally planted 

 in the colder parts of this country in preference to their 

 less hardy Asiatic relations which have dull-colored 

 fruits. 



Many members of the great Rose family also be- 

 long to this group and in fruit none is more beautiful 

 than the native Chokeberry, (Aronia melanocarpa, its 

 varieties grandifolia and elata, and A. atropurpurea.) 

 Another species (A. arbutifolia) has red fruits. 

 Among the Cotoneasters with black fruits are C. vul- 

 garis, C. nitens, C. moupinensis, C.foveolata, C. lucida, 

 C. acutifolia, and its variety villosula, all strong grow- 

 ing, free fruiting shrubs. 



The Inkberry (Ilex glabrd) and its Japanese rela- 

 tive, I. crenata, are two valuable and hardy evergreens 

 with small glossy leaves and stalked black fruits. 



Among Barberries most of the evergreen species such 

 as Berberi's Julianae, B. Sargentiana, B. Gagnepainii, 



