xviii ANALYTICAL CONTENTS 



CHAPTER XV 



REACTION FROM DARWINISM DRUMMOND'S ASCENT OF MAN 



His precursors His sympathy for Spencer His Comtist terminology 

 Seeks a biological basis for altruism Corrects Darwin Not 

 like Miss Cobbe Largely like Huxley But seeks a fairer state- 

 ment of the facts Brings in a second biological function (out of 

 three !), viz. reproduction Wallace, on the selection of reason 

 Leads up to doctrine of "Arrest of the Body " Cf. Cleland on the 

 human skull Emphasis on maternity and weakness of human 

 infant Criticism; "egoism" and its struggle purely evil? Or 

 male sex with its justice ? Is domesticity = sociality? Has 

 Drummond shown a factor in progress? A better philosophy 

 claims all nature for God 



CHAPTER XVI 



REITERATION OF DARWINISM: ELIMINATION MADE ABSOLUTE 

 MR. A. SUTHERLAND 



A strong book with some weaknesses Works out the origin of moral 

 feeling by natural selection Restates Drummond-like position 

 as Darwinian (?) And exemplifies " arrival " of forms Biology ; 

 fitness to survive And to breed, and rear Quantity first relied 

 on Then quality This develops sympathy Which becomes 

 serviceable Anthropology ; everything depends on the ap- 

 proaches to monogamy Sociology ; progress is by elimination 

 of the inferior Even when it seems to find more rapid means 



(Yet he allows some progress by imitation!) History ; retro- 

 gression is possible ! For he hates all militarism On the whole 

 he does not believe in history Or in reason Ethics; Has dealt 

 only with one half of goodness ! Egoism must balance sym- 

 pathy ! Balance will grow automatic! Criticism; no right to 

 call sympathy moral, if only half of morality Nature does not 

 select one quality at a time ! Selection said to have worked 

 Not true natural selection, though W T hy is goodness not auto- 

 matic already? Do beauty and goodness exist, or do they not? 



"Yes and no ! " 



