CHAPTER XV 



REACTION FROM DARWINISM : DRUMMOND'S " ASCENT 

 OF MAN " 



His precursors His sympathy for Spencer His Comtist terminology 

 Seeks a biological basis for altruism Corrects Darwin Not like 

 Miss Cobbe Largely like Huxley But seeks a fairer statement 

 of the facts Brings in a second biological function (out of three !), 

 viz. reproduction Wallace on the selection of reason Leads up 

 to the doctrine of "Arrest of the ody" Ci. Clelland on the 

 human skull Emphasis on maternity and weakness of human 

 infant Criticism; "egoism" and its struggle purely evil? Or 

 male sex with its justice? Is domesticity = sociality? Has Drum- 

 mond shown a factor in progress? A better philosophy claims 

 all nature for God 



I HAVE chosen the Ascent of Man to represent the 

 more conscious and definite reaction from unmodified 

 or unbalanced theories of natural selection, not be- 

 cause its author was the first or the only writer to 

 champion such a reaction, but because he has given 

 us its fullest statement, and because everything of 

 Drummond's commanded at once a very wide popu- 

 larity. For another reason he interests us, because 

 he speaks as a Christian believer and thinker, 

 almost as a Christian apologist. He himself con- 

 fesses obligations to many predecessors ; first, 

 perhaps, to John Fiske, as we shall note in due 

 course ; most largely and definitely to The Evolution 

 of Sex by Professor Geddes and Mr. J. Arthur Thom- 



