CONTENTS. 



Page 

 PREFACE TO GERMAN EDITION, ........ v 



PREFATORY NOTE TO THE ENGLISH TRANSLATION, vii 



INTEODUCTOEY ESSAY BY THE EDITOE, xv 



THE BIED-BEEGS OF LAPLAND. 



The legend of Scandinavia's origin The harvest of the sea The doves 

 of Scandinavia Eider-holms and bird-bergs The nesting of the 

 eider-duck Eazor-bills and robber-gulls Millions of birds (Notes, 

 pp. 565-566), - - 33 



THE TUNDEA AND ITS ANIMAL LIFE. 



High tundra and low tundra The jewels of the tundra The flora of the 

 tundra The Arctic fox The lemming The reindeer The birds of 

 the tundra Mosquitoes (Notes, pp. 566-568), 63 



THE ASIATIC STEPPES AND THEIE FAUNA. 



The steppe in summer and in winter The coming of spring The rendez- 

 vous in the reeds The marsh-harrier The home of larks Jerboa 

 and souslik The archar sheep The kulan and the ancestry of the 

 horse (Notes, pp. 568-571), - 86 



THE FOEESTS AND SPOET OF SIBEEIA. 



An ice-wilderness or not The forest zone Axe and fire The pines 

 Hunting and trapping The elk, the wolf, and the lynx Sable 

 and other furred beasts Bear -hunting and bear -stories (Notes, 

 pp. 571-573), - - - - 120 



THE STEPPES OF INNEE AFEICA. 



The progress of the seasons A tropical thunderstorm Night in the 

 steppes Spiders, scorpions, and snakes Mudfish and other sleepers 

 Cleopatra's asp Geckos The children of the air The bateleur 

 eagle The ostrich The night-jar The mammals of the steppe 

 Stampede before a steppe-fire (Notes, pp. 573-576), - - 168 



