THE APPLE. 67 



few trees this would be the safest method. 

 Home-made troughs are liable to prove defec- 

 tive. Recent experiments with London-purple 

 and Paris-green indicate that these are effectual 

 and safe remedies. The plan is to syringe the 

 entire tree soon after the opening of the leaves 

 with a mixture of a heaping teaspoonful of pur- 

 ple to a pail full of water. For an orchard a 

 barrel should be placed in a horse-cart and a 

 light force-pump attached. With one man to 

 pump and another to direct the light hose, which 

 may be attached to a bamboo pole, all parts of a 

 tree may easily and quickly be reached with the 

 fine spray. It is said that this proves to be a 

 cheap, effectual, and safe remedy. A still cheaper, 

 less dangerous, and apparently equally as effect- 

 ual remedy has recently been tried in the use of 

 kerosene, or crude petroleum. Professor Kiley, 

 of the United States Agricultural Department, 

 has stated a process of beating or churning two 

 parts of kerosene with one part of soft soap, or 

 sour milk, until they become thoroughly incor- 

 porated. After this the kerosene emulsion will 

 dilute with water, to any desired strength. This 

 is to be sprayed over the infested foliage in the 

 same manner as is recommended for the arsenic 

 preparations. The strength of the solution must 

 be determined by trial, but it may be much 



