186 FRUIT CULTURE. 



lace, they should be potted, and early in June, 

 when well established, they may be planted in 

 rich, mellow, open ground. The different forms 

 of single eye cuttings of the grape may be seen 



in Figs. 15, 16, and 

 17. As the deposit 

 of cambium is known 

 F 'g- l7 - to be greater near the 



base of an eye, the theory for Fig. 17 was that 

 roots would form more readily at the eye, while 

 the wood projecting above would retain some 

 sap to sustain the eye. In practice probably it 

 does more harm than good, by increasing the 

 liability of displacement. Fig. 16 shows the 

 lower and under part of the cutting shaved off, 

 in order to expose more surface for the forma- 

 tion of roots. Practically, the surface is in dan- 

 ger of absorbing too much moisture. Fig. 15 

 shows the best form, the least amount of surface 

 to be calloused, while the roots will freely form 

 from under the bark as well as at the cut. 

 The cost of raising cuttings in quantity is very 

 trifling. 



By Layers. A layer is but a modified form 

 of a cutting, with this advantage, that the cutting 

 is not separated from the parent plant, but still 

 draws its support from it until new roots are 

 formed. In the case of many vines, like the 



