THE SPRAYING OF FRUITS. 



249 



if the cask stands on end. Some agitator should be employed, 

 however, for, if the material settles, the work is likely to be 

 very unsatisfactory. For cask-outfits it is quite as well to 

 stir the liquid with a stick just before spraying each tree as 

 to depend upon some of the agitating devices which are in 

 the market. Power pumps unless run by steam are ineffi- 

 cient in orchards of large trees, because sufficient liquid can- 

 not be thrown while the machine is passing the tree. For 

 vineyards, dwarf pears, small fruits and potatoes, however, 

 the power sprayers are often very satisfactory. The knap- 

 sack sprayers are useful only for small areas or small plants, 

 or where hand-labor is cheap. 



FIG. 303. 



FIG. 304. 



Barrel Outfits with Agitators. 



The best general nozzle for tall trees is probably the Mc- 

 Gowen. It is a self-cleaning device and can be adjusted for 

 coarse or fine spray. It throws more liquid than some other 

 nozzles, but for this reason it allows of very expeditious work. 

 Every orchardist should provide himself with the Vermorel, 

 Bordeaux, and various other nozzles, however, and he will 

 find them all useful for particular purposes. Some of the 

 smaller of these nozzles, like the Vermorel, may be used twin 

 by placing them upon a Y-fixture, as shown in the engraving. 



