THE RASPBERRY. 589 



mere bristles ; and the plants increase by suckers. Most of 

 these are rather tender. The Blackcap raspberries are varie- 

 ties of Rubus occidentalis, an American species, the stems of 

 which are armed with hooked prickles, but not with bristles, 

 and are recurved so as to reach and take root at the tips, 

 which touch or are buried in the ground. A few sorts are 

 varieties of Rubus strigosus, or Wild Red Raspberry, which 

 has upright stems, copiously furnished with bristles. The 

 canes increase by suckers, and are quite hardy. A few culti- 

 vated sorts appear to be hybrids between some of these 

 species. 



CLASSIFICATION. 



I. RUBUS IDCEUS European Origin. 



1. Red. 



2. Yellow. 



II. RUBUS OCCIDENTALIS American Blackcap Origin. 



1. Black. 



2. Purple, red or yellow. 



III. RUBUS STRIGOSUS Native Wild Red Raspberry. 



1. Red or purple. 



2. Yellow or orange. 



VARIETIES. 

 SECTION I. EUROPEAN VARIETIES. 



Red. 



Belle de Fontenay.* Large, long conical ; purplish-red, with a thin 

 bloom ; moderately firm, sub-acid, good. Canes stout, branching, 

 suckering freely ; hardy, and if kept clear of suckers, productive 

 bearing in autumn under favorable circumstances. French. 

 Worthless in some localities. 



Belle de Paluau. Large, roundish-conical, regular; bright crim- 

 son ; moderately firm, juicy, very good. Canes strong, upright, 

 very productive ; spines short, purple. Requires winter protec- 

 tion. French. 



Clarke.* Large, roundish conical ; light crimson, rather soft, juicy, 

 sweet, high-flavored. Berries sometimes impenect. Canes stout 



