506 THE PLUMS OF NEW YORK. 



Perdrigon Normand 2, 3, 5. Prune Perdrigon Normand 4, 5. Prunus neustriensis 4. 

 Schwarzer Perdrigon 5. 



A very good French variety. Fruit of medium size, roundish; suture shallow; 

 cavity small; reddish-purple; bloom heavy; flesh yellow, melting, sweet; good; cling- 

 stone; mid-season. 

 Normand's Seedlings. I. Cornell Sta. Bui. 175:151. 1899. 



J. L. Normand, 1 Marksville, Louisiana, disseminated twenty hybrid seedlings, 

 numbered from one to twenty, which were selected from over 30,000 seedlings; most 

 of these are crosses between Triflora and selected native sorts. 

 Normand No. 5. See Alabama. 

 Normand No. n. Triflora X ? 



Fruit above medium size, oval to oblong-conic; apex pointed; stem medium, set 

 in a small cavity; yellow overspread with bright red; dots numerous, yellow; flesh 

 yellow, firm, juicy, aromatic, sweet, good; stone long and narrow, clinging ; late. Drops 

 before ripe. 

 Normand No. 12. Triflora X ? 



Inferior to No. n in color, flesh-characters and keeping quality. Drops before ripe 

 and has a tendency to crack. 

 Normand No. 15. See Louisiana. 

 Normand No. 16. Triflora X ? 



Fruit resembles No. 12; greenish-white with red blush; flesh pale yellow, soft, 

 juicy, bitter; clingstone; drops before fully ripe. 

 Normand No. 17. Triflora X ? 



'Joseph L. Normand was born at Marksville, Louisiana, January 14, 1853. He was educated 

 in the public schools of the parish in which he lived. After leaving school he followed the vocation 

 of a printer for a number of years, though from childhood horticulture had been an avocation with 

 him. Before middle life he gave up office work to begin actively the growing of nursery and fruit 

 trees. His work in horticulture early developed into plant-breeding and towards the close of his life 

 all of his energies were devoted to the production of new types of plants. In his plant-breeding Mr. 

 Normand became noted as a hybridizer and a great majority of the fruits and ornamentals sent out 

 by him were hybrids. Among these may be named the Carnegie Orange, a hybrid more or less frost 

 resistant, which he obtained by crossing the Louisiana Sweet Orange with Citrus trifoliata. Mr. 

 Normand also devoted much time to the testing of figs and sent out the New French Fig, selected from 

 some seventy varieties which he had grown. Pears, apples and plums received his attention and in 

 all these fruits he developed original types by hybridization. Possibly his most meritorious work 

 with the plum has been in testing Triflora and native varieties, although he has sent out not a few 

 hybrids of this fruit most of which, however, do not thrive in northern climates. Mr. Normand 

 did for his region what Kerr, Munson, Terry, Lord and Williams have done in other parts of North 

 America in testing plums. All who knew Mr. Normand say that in this day of commercialism he 

 worked almost wholly for the love of plants to improve them for his fellow fruit-growers regard- 

 less of the money to be made in his calling. He lived and worked in a region where his achieve- 

 ments were at first little known and little understood, quite content to work for his work's sake, 

 but in the end he gained distinction among the fruit-growers of his State and attracted the attention 

 of plant-breeders all over the United States. Mr. Normand died in the town of his birth, April 

 17, 1910. 



