ARTICULATIONS 13 



The interosseoue ligaments (3) are thicker than those of 

 the ist row, and connect the os magnum and the trapezoid, 

 the os magnum and the unciform bones and the trapezium 

 and trapezoid. 



A rticulations of the two Rows of Carpal Bones together. 



The anterior or palmar ligaments pass from the front of 

 the ist row to the palmar surface of the os magnum. 



The posterior or dorsal ligaments are similarly placed upon 

 the dorsal surface. 



The lateral ligaments : the external connects the scaphoid 

 and trapezium bones ; the internal the cuneiform and unciform. 



The synovial membrane is large ; it lines the under surface 

 of the bones of the ist row, except the pisiform bone, and is 

 reflected between their contiguous surfaces; it then passes 

 between the bones of the 2nd row, and lines their contiguous 

 surfaces, usually giving reflections between the carpal ends 

 of the four inner metacarpal i bones, and between the con- 

 tiguous surfaces of the trapezium and 2nd metacarpal bone. 



The pisiform bone is connected to the cuneiform by a thin 

 capsule lined by a synovial membrane ; and inferiorly to the 

 unciform and 5th metacarpal bones. 



The anterior annular ligament extends from the trapezium 

 and scaphoid across to the unciform process and pisiform 

 bone. 



The posterior annular ligament extends from the outer 

 border of lower end of radius, to inner side of cuneiform and 

 pisiform bones. 



IX. CARPO-METACARPAL ARTICULATION. 



The Articulation of the Trapezium and ist Metacarpal. 



Reciprocal reception joint. 



The capsular ligament, thick and loose, passes from the 

 upper end of the ist metacarpal to the rough edge round the 

 articular surface of the trapezium. It is lined by a separate 

 synovial membrane. 



Articulations of the Carpus and the rest of the Metacarpus. 



The dorsal ligaments connect the carpal with the meta- 

 carpal bones on the posterior surface ; each metacarpal 

 receives two fasciculi, except the 5th, which has only one. 



The palmar ligaments are similarly arranged on the anterior 

 surface, except that the 3rd metacarpal has three fasciculi. 



The interosseous ligaments connect the os magnum and 

 unciform bones to the 3rd and 4th metacarpal bones. 



The synovial membrane is continuous with that between 

 ;he two rows of carpal bones, and has been described above. 



