14 THE POCKET ANATOMY 



Articulations of the Metacarpal Bones with each other. 



The carpal ends are united by dorsal and palmar ligaments 

 passing transversely. 



The interosseous ligaments pass between the bones beneath 

 the level of the articular facets. The synovial membrane is con- 

 tinuous with that between the two rows of carpal bones. 



The digital extremities of the four inner metacarpals are 

 connected by the transverse metacarpal ligament, which blends 

 with the palmar surface of each metacarpo-phalangeal articu- 

 lation. 



X. METACARPO-PHALANGEAL ARTICULATIONS. 



Condyloid joint. 



The palmar ligament is a thick plate of fibro-cartilage, at- 

 tached to the head of the metacarpal bone and the base of the 

 ist phalanx : laterally it blends with the lateral ligaments. 



The lateral ligaments, one on each side, attached above to 

 the posterior tubercle and depression on the side of the head 

 of the metacarpal bone, and below to the side of the ist 

 phalanx. 



A synovial membrane lines the joint. 



XI. ARTICULATIONS OF THE PHALANGES. 



Each of these is a small ginglymus or hinge joint, con- 

 nected by a palmar and two lateral ligaments, and lined by 

 a synovial membrane. 



ARTICULATIONS OF THE LOWER LIMB. 



I. THE HIP-JOINT. 



This is an enarthrodial joint, formed by the head of the 

 femur and the acetabulum. The ligaments are : 



The capsular ligament, very strong and fibrous, arises 

 above from the rim of the acetabulum, just external to the 

 cotyloid ligament, and from the transverse ligament as it 

 bridges the cotyloid notch : below it is attached to the neck 

 of the femur, in front to the anterior intertrochanteric line, 

 superiorly to the root of the neck, and posteriorly to the 

 middle of the neck of the bone, where many of its fibres are 

 reflected upwards upon the neck as the retinacula. The fibres 

 are circular and longitudinal. The circular are most distinct 

 at the lower and posterior part, forming a collar at the lower 

 and back part of the joint, known as the zona orbicularis. The 

 longitudinal fibres form thick bands known as accessory liga- 

 ments. There is often an opening in front of the capsule for 



