MUSCLES 21 



IX. ARTICULATIONS OF THE PHALANGES. 



The preceding remark equally applies to these articula- 

 tions. 



THE MUSCLES. 



Explanation. 



The dash divides the origin from the insertion. 



Nervous supply is indicated by ( ) brackets. 



Action of muscle is indicated by [ ] brackets, and if a muscle 

 has two points on which it acts, A applies to action from origin 

 on point of insertion, and B applies to action from insertion 

 on point of origin. 



F signifies that the attachment is fleshy. 



T ,, ,, tendinous. 



A ,, ,, aponeurotic. 



A combination of any of these attachments may occur. 



MUSCLES AND FASCLE OF THE HEAD AND 



NECK. 



The superficial fascia in the epicranial region and on 

 the face is closely united to the skin, slightly developed, 

 except between bellies of occipito-frontalis muscle. At the 

 back part it becomes continuous with superficial fascia of 

 posterior muscles of the neck, and descends laterally over the 

 temporal fascia, where it envelops the external muscles of 

 auricle, and the superficial temporal vessels and nerves. In 

 the neck it is loose and fatty, as over rest of body. 



EPICRANIAL REGION. 



Occipito-frontalis : Frontal part. Has no bony attach- 

 ments, blends with orbicularis palpebrarum, pyramidalis 

 nasi and corrugator supercilii(p) epicranial aponeurosis(A) 

 (Facial). Occipital part. Outer superior curved occi- 

 pital lines, mastoid processes(FT) epicranial aponeurosis, 

 which is attached behind to curved line between fleshy 

 heads(A). (Posterior auricular branch of facial.) [Frontal 

 part wrinkles forehead horizontally. Occipital part removes 

 the wrinkles; acting alternately the two parts move 

 scalp.] 



Epicranial aponeurosis unites frontal and occipital muscles, 



