MUSCLES 29 



Genio-hyoid : inferior genial tubercle on posterior surface 

 of inferior maxilla near symphysis(T) middle of body of 

 hyoid bone(p) (ist and 2nd cervical). [Raises and draws 

 forward hyoid.] 



LINGUAL REGION. 



Genio-hyo-glossus : superior genial tubercle on posterior 

 surface of inferior maxilla near symphysis(T) body of hyoid 

 bone(p) (posterior fibres) : inferior surface of tongue from root 

 to tip(p) (anterior fibres) (Hypoglossal). [Raises tongue and 

 hyoid bone, draws tongue forwards and protrudes it to opposite 

 side.] 



Hyo-glossus : side of body, from all great cornu of hyoid 

 and from smaller cornu(p) back and side of tongue(p) (Hypo- 

 glossal). [Depresses sides of tongue, making surface convex 

 laterally.] 



Parts beneath hyo-glossus : inferior lingualis, genio-hyo-glossKS 

 and middle constrictor muscles, lingual vessels, stylo-hyoid 

 ligament, glosso-pharyngeal nerve. 



Stylo-glossus : external surface of apex of styloid process 

 and stylo-maxillary ligament (A) dorsum and tip of tongue(p) 

 (Hypoglossal). [Draws tongue upwards and backwards, makes 

 Miperior surface concave laterally.] 



PHARYNGEAL REGION. 



Inferior constrictor : side of cricoid cartilage ; oblique line 

 on thyroid and surface behind it, inferior cornu of thyroid 

 cartilage(p) fibrous raphe in posterior median line of 

 pharynx(p) (Pharyngeal plexus, External laryngeal, Re- 

 current laryngeal). [Squeezes food towards oesophagus in 

 swallowing. 3 



Middle constrictor : great and small cornua of hyoid bone, 

 stylo-hyoid ligament (F) fibrous raphe in posterior median 

 line of pharynx(p) (Pharyngeal plexus). [Squeezes food 

 towards oesophagus in swallowing.] Superior laryngeal vessels 

 and internal laryngeal nerve pass between this muscle and the 

 inferior, near origin. 



Superior constrictor : lower 3rd of posterior margin of in- 

 ternal pterygoid plate, hamular process, pterygo-maxillary 

 ligament, posterior part of mylo-hyoid ridge of inferior 

 maxilla, mucous membrane of mouth and side of tongue(F) 

 fibrous raphe in posterior median line of pharynx(p), and 

 pharyngeal spine on basilar process(p) (Pharyngeal plexus). 

 [Squeezes food towards oesophagus in swallowing.] Internal 



