42 THE POCKET ANATOMY 



ligaments(A) Capitis, apex and hinder border of mastoid 

 process, outer superior curved line of occiput(T) ; Colli, 

 posterior tubercles of transverse processes of ist, 2nd, and 

 3rd cervical vertebrae (T) (External posterior branches of cer- 

 vical). [Extends spine and head ; laterally flexes head and 

 rotates face to the same side.] 



BACK, 4TH LAYER. 



Erector spinse : Outer mass. Ilio-costalis, musculus ac- 

 cessorius, cervicalis ascendens. Inner mass. Longissimus 

 dorsi, transversalis colli, trachelo-mastoid. [In all its parts 

 extends spine.] 



Erector spinse : posterior ith inner lip of iliac crest, from 

 the sacral transverse processes, and lower part of posterior 

 surface of sacrum, from the sacral, lumbar and lower 3 dorsal 

 spines, with supra-spinous ligaments(x). Divides opposite 

 last rib into sacro-lumbalis and longissimus dorsi (External 

 posterior branches of sacral and lumbar). 



Ilio-costalis : erector spinas(F) angles of lower 6 or 7 ribs 

 (T) (External posterior branches of lumbar and dorsal). 



Musculus accessorius : angles of lower 6 ribs(x) angles of 

 upper 6 ribs, and transverse process of 7th cervical(x) 

 (External posterior branches of dorsal). 



Cervicalis ascendens : angles of 3rd, 4th, 5th, and 6th ribs 

 ( T ) Posterior transverse tubercles of 6th, 5th, and 4th 

 cervical vertebrae(x) (External posterior branches of 

 cervical). 



Longissimus dorsi. (See erector spines, of which it forms nearly 

 the whole of the inner mass.) Internally. Accessory processes 

 of lumbar and transverse processes of dorsal vertebrae(XF). 

 Externally. Lumbar transverse processes(p), middle layer of 

 fascia lumborum : to all the ribs except first two or three 

 by fleshy processes between tubercle and angle(p) (External 

 posterior branches of lumbar and dorsal). 



Transversalis colli : transverse processes of upper 5 dorsal 

 vertebrae(x) Posterior tubercles of transverse processes of 

 6th, 5th, 4th, 3rd, and and cervical vertebrae (x) (External 

 posterior branches of cervical). 



Trachelo-mastoideus: transverse processes of upper 4 

 dorsal vertebrae(x), articular processes of 7th, 6th, 5th, and 

 4th cervical vertebrae (x) posterior edge of mastoid process 

 (F) (External posterior branches of cervical). 



Spinalis dorsi : spinous processes of nth and i2th dorsal 

 and ist and 2nd lumbar vertebras (FX) Spinous processes of 



