VEINS 105 



Receives three or four lower left intercostals ; some ceso- 

 phageal and mediastinal veins. 



Azygos minor superior: formed by union of 4th, 5th, 6th, 

 7th, and 8th left intercostal veins ; communicates above with 

 superior intercostal vein, crosses yth dorsal vertebra behind 

 aorta and thoracic duct to end in vena azygos major. 



Bronchial : from lungs ; the right terminating in azygos 

 major ; the left in the left superior intercostal. 



SPINAL : Dorsi-spinales ; external to spinal canal, extend 

 along whole length of back of spine, forming network, ter- 

 minating in the vertebral (of neck), the intercostal (of thorax), 

 lumbar and sacral veins. 



Meningo-rachidian : situated between vertebra and dura 

 mater, consisting of longitudinales spinales anteriores : whole 

 length of anterior surface of vertebral canal, terminating in 

 dorsi -spinal. 



Longitudinales spinales posteriores : whole length of posterior 

 surface of vertebral canal, terminating in dorsi-spinal. 



Veins of the vertebrae : Vena basis vertebrarum : from bodies 

 of vertebras, terminating in anterior longitudinal. 



Veins of the spinal cord : Medulli-spinales : cover cord, 

 between pia and arachnoid, from sacrum to occiput; anas. 

 freely with contiguous veins. No valves in any of the spinal 

 veins. 



Iliaca externa, interna, and communis : see Lower Ex- 

 tremity. 



Vena cava inferior : formed by junction of the two common 

 iliac veins in front and a little to the right of 5th lumbar 

 vertebra, passes up on right side of aorta to posterior border 

 of liver, where it becomes imbedded in a groove and receives 

 the hepatic veins ; thence it goes through special opening in 

 diaphragm between middle and right leaflets, enters pericar- 

 dium, and opens into lower and back part of right auricle, 

 its orifice being protected by the Eustachian valve. 



Relations : 



In Front. Behind. Left Side. 



Mesentery. Vertebral column. Descending aorta 



Transverse part of duo- Right crus of dia- Right crus. 



denum. phragm and psoas. 



Pancreas. Right renal ^ 



Foramen of Winslow. Right lumbar _ 



Portal vein. Right supra-renal Arteries. 



Posterior surface of liver. Right inferior phrenic,/ 

 Hepatic ^ 



Right spermatic . 



Riiht colic r arteries. 



Right common iliac } 

 Diaphragm. 



