228 THE POCKET ANATOMY 



THE NOSE. 



The organ of smell consists of an anterior prominent part, 

 situated on the face, and composed of bones, cartilages, 

 muscles, and integument, and two nasal fosses. 



The cartilages of the nose are five in number : 



The upper lateral cartilages (2) : situated just below the free 

 margins of the nasal bones. Each cartilage is triangular in 

 shape ; anteriorly it joins its fellow and the cartilage of the 

 septum ; posteriorly it is in connection with the nasal process 

 of the superior maxilla, and inferiorly it joins the lower lateral 

 cartilage. 



The lower lateral cartilages (2) are peculiarly curved to form 

 the nostrils, laterally and mesially, being open behind; 

 laterally each cartilage is connected to the nasal process of 

 the superior maxilla by fibrous membrane, in which are two 

 or three sesamoid cartilages ; above it joins the upper cartilage 

 and the cartilage of the septum. 



The cartilage of the septum is thicker at the edges than at the 

 centre ; its connections are : anteriorly, with the nasal bones, 

 the two upper lateral cartilages and the lower lateral carti- 

 lages ; posteriorly, with the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid ; 

 inferiorly, with the vomer and the palatal processes of the 

 superior maxillae. 



The nasal fossae, separated from each other by the septum 

 nasi, open in front by the anterior nares and behind by the 

 posterior nares. Each fossa may be described as possessing 

 a roof, a floor, an inner and an outer wall. 



The roof is formed by the nasal bones, the nasal spine of 

 the frontal, the cribriform plate of the ethmoid, the under 

 surface of the body of the sphenoid, alae of the vomer, 

 sphenoidal processes of the palate bones. 



The floor consists of the palatal processes of the superior 

 maxillae and of the palate bones. 



The inner wall is made up of the cartilage of the septum, the 

 crest of the nasal bones, the nasal spine of the frontal, the 

 perpendicular plate of the ethmoid, the vomer, the rostrum 

 of the sphenoid, and the crests of the superior maxillary and 

 palate bones. 



The outer wall is formed by the nasal process of the superior 

 maxilla, the lachrymal bone, the ethmoid, inner surface of 

 the superior maxilla, the inferior turbinate bone, the vertical 

 plate of the palate bone, and the internal pterygoid plate of 

 the sphenoid. 



Meatuso* The superior and middle turbinate processes of 



