40 



man, whose life was spent to the benefit of 

 mankind, and whose death was caused by his 

 perseverance in the research after truth in the 

 wonderful works of nature? 



Sextus Papinius, it is said, brought two 

 kinds of apples to Rome, in the 21st year of 

 the reign of Augustus Caesar : the one called 

 Jujubes, out of Syria ; the other, Tuberes, he 

 brought from Africa ; but their fruit, accord- 

 ing to Pliny's account, rather resembled ber- 

 ries than apples. 



The Wild Crab is the only apple indi- 

 genous to this country; and it is on this 

 stock that most of our valuable apples have 

 been grafted and raised by the ingenuity of 

 the gardeners, who have, by sowing the 

 seeds and studying the soil, so improved and 

 multiplied the variety of this most excellent 

 fruit, that it has now become of great national 

 importance, affording an agreeable and whole- 

 some diet, in a thousand shapes, to all classes 

 of society. 



It was not until the 16th year of the 

 reign of Henry the VHIth, that Pippins 

 were first introduced into England, by Leo- 

 nard Maschal, who, in Fuller's words, 

 " brought them from over sea," and planted 

 them at Plumstead, in Sussex, a small village 

 on the north side of the South Downs, near 



