164 



POPULAR FRUIT GROWING. 



in a circle of bark is taken out of the bud-stick and is inserted 

 into a stock or branch of about the same size. These are un- 

 usual forms and only used for some special purpose. In bud- 

 ding on the branches of trees, it is generally best to insert the 

 bud on the upper side, but the place for its insertion should 

 be governed by the form of the tree. Budded trees are no bet- 

 ter than grafted trees, but they may be as good, or perhaps 

 worse, according to the way in which the work is done. If the 

 buds and stocks are perfectly hardy, as, for instance, when 

 our native plum seedlings are budded with similar kinds of 

 improved quality, as with the DeSoto plum, or native seedlings, 

 then the tree resulting is as good as if root grafted. But if 

 the hardy kinds of apple are budded on ordinary seedlings 

 which are not hardy, then there is a part of the tender seedling 

 which is above ground and is liable to be killed out by cold. 

 In this case, the resulting tree would be 

 much improved if the seedling root had been 

 grafted below ground instead of being bud- 

 ded above, so as to have the benefit of the 

 protection the ground affords. On the other 

 hand, where hardy trees are budded on the 

 branches to change the bearing, the work 

 is just as sure as if grafted. It is foolish, 

 then, to pay more money for a budded than 

 a grafted tree. 



Grafting is distinguished from budding 

 by being performed at a season of the year, 

 generally in the spring, when vegetation is 

 dormant at least, when the plant operated 

 upon is not in full leaf; but there are many exceptions 

 to such a definition, and it might be better to include 

 the two subjects of budding and grafting under the general 

 head of graftage, as they are closely related. 



Stock is the term used to indicate the plant grafted on, 

 whether large or small. 



Cion is the term used to express the part inserted, of 

 whatever size or form it may consist. These should ordinarily 

 be of the new, well ripened growth of the season. If cions are 



Fig. 81. Meth- 

 od used in 

 ring budding. 



