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with the tar be trying to the plant. In very sunny 

 gardens gourds are grown upon pergolas, and very 

 tropical and gay with bright, southern-looking colours 

 they are ! If the large twisting varieties are chosen, it is 

 desirable to have iron uprights to support the heavy 

 weight of fruit and foliage. These posts should be 

 about an inch and a half thick, painted green, and they 

 will not be noticeable. Before the plants are tied to 

 them it will be well to twine neat willow-twigs round 

 each iron post, so that they are brought in contact with 

 wood, and not subjected to the changes of temperature 

 of iron. Old gas-pipes or flat iron stakes, painted green, 

 are fixed across the top to form the roof of the pergola ; 

 but the sides are best made with thick wire stretched 

 across in squares. 



A journey through Switzerland and Italy shows us 

 yet another way of designing pergolas. They often in 

 the vineyards have a central shadow walk. Upon either 

 side are less tall, narrower arches and alleys. Some- 

 times side aisles are scarcely high enough to walk 

 beneath, but the look of the whole is pretty, and, too, 

 the central walk is densely shaded, owing to the double 

 thickness of the sides, overgrown with creepers. It 

 would be pretty to have some ornamental feature, such 

 as a bird-bath in stone, or a flower-vase, at the end of 

 the two side-walks. This would give a meaning to them, 

 for a walk should never seem purposeless. 



Between Pistoja and the summit of the mountains we 

 see many of the three-arched walks, with little glimpses 

 of bright yellow broom at the end of the openings, 

 framed by vine-leaves. 



It is the main object of these notes to help towards 

 the building up of small artistic gardens, both in town 

 and country, so that we deal chiefly with those pergolas 

 which can be erected with a small amount of trouble and 



