238 GARDENS: THEIR FORM AND DESIGN 



Each terrace has bush apple-trees, olives, willows, thorns, 

 interspersed at intervals, giving a lovely effect of grey- 

 green, light green, gold and pale pink, high above ground. 

 Beneath are grown crops of vegetables, and strawberries 

 or flowers, so that the ground is carpeted with green and 

 colour too. 



Upon each terrace, either arranged against the stone 

 walls or banks or supported by willows and larger trees, 

 are lines of vines. Many are the different ways of 

 training these, as will be seen by the sketches shown. 

 All these ideas can be made serviceable to us in England 

 for training other creepers, should the garden be in our 

 cold Midlands, and vines themselves, therefore, out of 

 the question. As we have now under consideration, 

 however, a garden in the South of England, there is no 

 reason why all the trees and plants we have mentioned 

 should not be successfully grown, with one exception, 

 that of the olive-tree. Add to the list such creepers as 

 loganberries, clematis, lonicera, pyrus japonica, jasmines, 

 passion-flowers, polygonum, and more variety is gained. 

 Tender plants and vines may be planted facing south 

 against a sheltering wall or bank, the hardier kinds can 

 be trained upon tripods between the trees, and as they 

 grow side-shoots are carried in festoons to neighbouring 

 branches. Thus that graceful effect of trees dancing 

 hand in hand in circles and rings, which delights us 

 so in Italian vineyards, is possible to realise with us. 



We must first carefully level the chalk terraces. Then 

 we excavate two feet or more of the poorest soil, where it 

 is intended to plant special creepers and trees. Into this 

 we put the top spit, well rotted, of some better soil, and 

 add to it good farm and stable manure, and plants are 

 then bound to thrive. Shelter obtained by walls and 

 banks to the north and east, warm sun-rays, good top 

 dressings of manure in autumn, will help establish. The 



