OEGANOGEAPHY AND GLOSSOLOGY. 



The Alpine Strawberry (fig. 179) presents a curious metamorphosis of the 

 floral whorls. The calyx (s) is normal, the five outer leaves are bifid, and accurately 

 represent the stipules of the leaves. The petals (p) 

 appear as green, strongly veine'd, nearly sessile leaves J 



183. Alpine Strawberry. 



179. Alpine Strawberry. 180. Alpine Strawberry. 181. Alpine Strawberry. 182. Alpine Strawberry. Carpel without the 

 Green petal (mag.). Green stamens. Carpel (mag.). ovary (mag.). 



with five acute ciliate lobes (fig. 180). The twenty stamens (fig. 179, E) are 

 arranged in four whorls, and are also expanded into green petioled simple or three- 

 lobed leaves (fig. 181) ; most of them bear on each side of the base of the blade a 

 yellow boss (A, A), representing a suppressed anther. The carpels (fig. 179, c), which 

 have also reverted to leaves, are arranged spirally on a receptacle, which becomes 

 succulent as the green flower grows. The carpellary leaf (fig. 1 82 F.C), the integument 

 of the seed (F.O), called the ovulary leaf, and the embryo are transformed through 

 excessive development into overlapping leaves. Of these, the outer leaf, often 

 bifid (P.C), represents the ovary; its base sheaths the inner leaf (fig. 183, F.O), 

 which should have formed the outer integument of the ovule. At the inner base 

 of this ovulary leaf (183, F.O) is a pointed shoot (P) ; this is the embryo, of which 

 a vertical section (fig. 184) shows rudimentary leaves 

 or cotyledons (co) and a plumule (G). 



In this curious flower, an excessive supply of 

 nutrition has deranged the reproductive organs, and 

 the whorls, which should have been modified in 



184. Alpine Strawberry. 



Carpel 

 cut vertically. 



185. Rumex. 



Flower with a double 



calycoid perianth. 



186. Lily. 



Flower with a double 

 petaluid perianth. 



Flower with a double petaluid perianth, 

 furnished with a cup simulating a corolla. 



subservience to the function of reproduction, have preserved their original form of 

 green leaves. Such a metamorphosis of all the floral organs into ordinary leaves 

 is not uncommon throughout the Vegetable Kingdom ; it is called chloranthy. 



