48 



OEGANOGRAPHY AND GLOSSOLOGY. 



(campanulatus, Kidney-bean) ; urceolate (urceolatus), when it resembles a small 



pitcher (Henbane, fig. 214). 



The calyx is connivent (s. conniventia), when the sepals bend towards each other 



(Ceanothus) ; closed (s. da lisas), when their edges 

 touch without joining (Wall/lower, fig. 8) ; erect 

 (s.erectas), when the sepals are vertical (Rocket, fig. 



-Mi.. IV. I in. 



Frutt crowned 



by a calyx with 



toothed limb. 



2U>. Quince. Fruit cut vertically. 



217. lliuldcr. 218. Chrysan- 213. Hcliaiithemum. 



I'Util crowned themum. Flower Fruit crowned 



by a calyx with without a by a palcatcd calyx 



obsolete limb. oalyx. (mag.). 



220. Valerian. 



Fruit crowned l>y a calyx with 

 feathery toft (mag.). 



250) ; patent (s. patentia), when they spread horizontally (Mustard) ; reflexed 

 (s. reflexus), when turned back so as to expose their inner surface (Jiulbous Crowfoot). 

 The calyx-limb may be petaloid (Iris) ; foliaccous (Quince, fig. 215) ; toothed 

 (Fedia, fig. 216) ; reduced to a small membranous crown (Field Camomile) or 

 ring (c. margo obsoleius, Madder, fig. 217) ; or altogether suppressed (Chrysanthemum, 

 fig. 218) ; in the latter case the calyx is said to be entire (c. integer), because its tube 

 is considered to be confluent with the ovary, and undivided. 



The calyx-limb may be reduced to scales 

 (tquamce or palea?, Helianthemum, fig. 219) ; or to 

 radiating bristles or hairs, called a pappus (pap- 

 pus). Such a pappus may be plumose (p.plumosus) 

 when each of its hairs is covered 

 with long secondary hairs or barbs 

 visible to the naked eye (Va- 

 lerian, fig. 220; Salsify, fig. 221) ; 

 simple (p. simplex) when the hairs 

 or bristles are smooth and silky 

 (Dandelion, fig. 222). 



The pappus, whether simple or 

 plumose, is sessile (p.sessilis), when 

 the hairs are inserted directly on 

 the top of the ovary (Cornflower, Valerian, fig. 220) ; stipitate (p. stipitatus), when 

 the calyx-tube is prolonged into a slender neck above the ovary (Dandelion, fig. 

 222; Salsify, fig. 221 ; Scabious, fig. 223). 



222. Dandelion. 

 Fruit crowned by 

 a calyx with a limb in 

 a simple tuft. 



223. Scabious. 



Fruit <>|H'u (mag.). 



Calyx with a 



tipitate tuft. 



r.'i. 

 Fruit crowned by a calyx 



with a 

 feathery toft. 



