194 



IV. MAGNOLIACE^. 



lllicium. 

 Fruit. 



niieium. 



Seed with crnstaceons testa, 

 cut vertically (mag.). 



Tasmannia. 

 Flower (mag.). 



Ttismannia. 



Calyx and pistil cut 



vertically. 



nolia, Michelia, Manglietia, lllicium), or indehiscent and fleshy (Drimys), or woody and 

 breaking transversely at the base (Talaumd), or a samara (Liriodendron). SEEDS 

 sessile or funicled, often suspended outside the pericarp (Magnolia) ; testa fleshy 

 (Magnolia) or crustaceous (lllicium). EMBEYO minute, straight, at the base of a 

 fleshy copious albumen ; radicle and cotyledons very short. 



Tribe I. MAGNOLIE^J, D.C. Flowers $ . Carpels imbricate, many-seriate, in a 

 head or spike. Stipules enveloping the leaves. 



Talauma. 



PRINCIPAL GENERA. 

 Magnolia. Liriodendron. Michelia. 



Tribe II. ILLICIE-S, D.C. Flowers $ or polygamous. Carpels whorled and 

 1-seriate, or solitary. Leaves minutely pellucidly dotted, exstipulate. 



PRINCIPAL GENERA. 

 Drimys. lllicium. Taauinnuia. 



Tribe III. TuocHODENPRE.*, 1 Benth. et Hook. fil. Sepals and petals 0. Flowers 

 polygamc-dkecious. Carpels whorled, 1-seriate. 



Trochodendron. 



GENERA. 

 Euptelea. 



Cercidiphyllum. 



Magnoliacece, which are very near Schizandreee, Anonaceee and Myrusticeai (see these families), are 

 equally connected with Dilleniacete, by their hypogynism, testivation, polyandry, adnate anthers, free 

 ovaries, anatropous ovules, capsular fruit, albuminous seed, straight minute basilar embryo, woody stem 

 and alternate leaves. DUleniacece differ only in the quinary flowers, the often unilateral and polyadelphous 

 stamens, the erect or ascending ovules, and the arillate seed. Mugnoliacece also approach Ranunculacece ; 

 through Dilleniacece ; but are easily distinguished by their habit. Magnolie.ee are chiefly North American ; 

 they are also numerous in subtropical Asia, Japan and India. Illicieee are scattered over America, Eastern 

 Asia, Australia, New Zealand, and the Moluccas. 



The properties of Magnoliacea resemble those of Anonacece, but their leaves and bark are more intensely 

 bitter, owing to extractive resinous principles. The pericarps and seeds contain a fixed oil, with an often 

 acrid aroma. The fruits are rarely eatable, but many are tonic and stimulant, and are sometimes used as 

 condiments. Michelia Champaca is cultivated throughout tropical Asia, on account of ita sweet-scented 



1 This tribe, which embraces three species of very 

 anomalous structure, has been added to Magnoliacea 

 by Bentham and Hooker fil. (Gen. PI. i. 954). Euptelea 



contains two species, one Assamese, the other Japanese 

 Trochodendron one, and Cercidiphyllum two, all from 

 Japan. ED. 



