332 LVII. BUESEEACE^l. 



the calyx-tube. STAMENS usually twice as many as the petals, rarely as many, inserted 

 at the margin or base of the disk, equal or unequal, or the alternate longer ', filaments 

 free, naked, subulate, staminodes ; anthers oblong or subglobose, often versatile. 

 OVARY free, trigonous, ovoid or globose, 2-5-celled, usually contracted into the short 

 style ; stigma undivided or 2-5-lobed ; ovules 2 (rarely 1) in each cell, usually col- 

 lateral and pendulous from the top of the cell, rarely, ascending ; micropyle superior 

 and raphe ventral. FRUIT a drupe, indehi scent, with 2-5 pyrenes, or with a bony 

 or thin endocarp, or a capsule with the epicarp dehiscing and exposing bony cocci, 

 which are connate, and separate from a central column. SEEDS pendulous, testa 

 membranous, albumen 0; cotyledons usually membranous, contortuplicate, rarely 

 plano-convex or thick ; radicle superior. 



TRIBE I. BURSERE^E. Ovary 2-5-celled. 



. Calyx free. Petals free. Drupe with a valvate epicarp and 3 separable 

 pyrenes. Boswellia, Trionema. 



b. Calyx free. Petals free. Drupe with a valvate epicarp and 3 connate 

 pyrenes. 



* Stamens 6-10. ** Stamens 5. 



Garuga. Balsamodendron. Filicium. 



Protium. Bursera. Ganophyllum. 



Canarium. Santeria, &c. Nothoprotium. 



c. Calyx free. Corolla gainopetalous. Trattiwickia, Hedivigia. 



d. Calyx adnate to the ovary. Darnjodes. 



TRIBE II. AMYRIDEYE. Ovary 1-celled. Amyris, Hemprichia. ED.] 



Surseracea 1 , whose close affinity to Terebinthacete we have noticed, and to which has been annexed 

 the genus Amyris (which only differs in its one-celled ovary and generally opposite leaves), yield spon- 

 taneously, or by incision of their stems, balsamic resinous substances, employed in medicine. The incense 

 called Olibanum is a resin of balsamic odour and stimulating properties, obtained from Boswellia thttrifera, 

 an Indian tree ; the Arabian incense is the product of one or more allied species. The resin Elenii of 

 Ceylon, which is yellow, and of a penetrating odour, is furnished by Canarium commune, and the Javanese 

 Elemi by Bursera yummifera. The Mexican Elemi comes from Elaphrium demiferum. The Balm of 

 Mecca or Gilead is a sweet smelling turpentine obtained by incision from two species of the genus Bal- 

 samodendron, natives of Arabia. Bdellium, a gum-resin of a sweet smell and bitter taste, used externally 

 medicinally, comes from B. africanum (Ifeudelotia africana). Guggur is furnished by B. Mttkul, a tree 

 of the province of Scinde in India. The Kafal (B. Kafal and B. Opobalsamuni) produces gum and red 

 aromatic wood, which are the objects of considerable commerce in Arabia. Myrrh, a gum-resin, whose 

 use as an aromatic and medicament goes back to the highest antiquity, is furnished by B. Myrrha, a 

 tree of Arabia and Abyssinia. [B. Roxburghii yields the Gogul balsam of Bengal.] Idea guianetisis, 

 a Guiana tree, commonly called Incense- wood, yields a resin used similarly to Olibauum. /. altissima 

 gives the Carana gum, which takes the place of Balm of Gilead in America. The resin Chibou or Ca- 

 chibou conies from the American Gum-tree (Bursera yummifera), which grows from Guiana to Mexico. 

 [Amyris balsamifera yields the Jamaica Lignum Rhodium. En.] 



Hedioigia balsamifera is a tree of, the Antilles, yielding in abundance a resin called ' Ban me a 

 cochon,' because the wild pigs, when wounded by hunters, pierce, it is said, the bark with their tusks, to 

 rub their wounds with the balsamic juice which exudes. [Tacamahac is the resin oi Elaphrium tomento- 

 $u HI, Bursera altissima is a very lofty American tree, of whose aromatic wocd canoes forty-two feet long 

 have been made. Many species of Canarium are very loffy Indian forest-trees, abounding in resinous 



