374 LXXVI. ROSACES. 



As/raffalus creticus, verus and ariztatm are Oriental shrubs, from the trunk of which exudes Gum 

 Tragacanth, a gelatinous juice [colloid], swelling in water, much used in pharmacy and manufactures. 



Cohtten arborescens (Bladder-Senna). A shrub indigenous to Southern Europe. Leaves purgative, and 

 seeds emetic. 



Herminiera elaphroxi/lon. A shrub of Senegambia with a very light wood, used instead of corks for 

 floating fishing nets. 



Glycirrhiza glabra, echinata, and ylanditliftra are perennial he'rbs of North-western Europe, with sugary 

 rhizomes, used in medicine as emollients. By decoction and evaporation their roots yield the dry extract 

 called Liquorice [or Spanish Juice], 



Inditiofera tinctoria, Anil and aryentea are tropical Asiatic undershrubs, containing in their leaves 

 Indigo, a colouring principle which is extracted by fermentation in water. 



Melilotus officinalis (Melilot). An indigenous herb becoming odoriferous when dried, and sweetening 

 hay for cattle. An infusion of the flowers is used as an nntiophthalmic. 



Trigonella Foenum-gractnn (Fenugreek) is a herb with aromatic and bitter seeds, used as a resolvent 

 poultice, and mixed as a stimulant with oats for horses. 



Medicago sativa, lupidina, &c, (Luceru) ; Trifolium pratense, rejtens, &c. (Clover), are indigenous 

 excellent fodder-herbs. 



Getmta tinctoria (Dyer's Weed) is an indigenous dye-plant with diuretic flowers and purgative and 

 emetic seeds formerly prescribed for hydrophobia. 



Sarothanmiu scoparhn (Broom) is an indigenous shrub with slender flexible branches [extensively 

 used for basket-work and as a diuretic]. The flowers are infused in milk, and used as a lotion for 

 skin diseases ; the flower-buds, preserved in vinegar, are used like capers. 



U/e.1- europam (Furze, Gorse, Whin), an indigenous shrub, much used for firewood [in France], aflbrds 

 winter cattle-food. 



Lupinm a/bus, varim, IntcM*, &c. Annual herbs with feculent eatable seeds ; stem and leaves used 

 as green fodder. 



Crotnlaria funcea is a Bengal shrub [whose fibre is extensively used as Sunn-hemp]. 



Anagyris fcetida is a Mediterranean shrub, called Stinking-wood, with purgative stimulating leaves 

 and very poisonous seeds. 



Physu8t.il/ma venenosum yields seeds called Calabar Beans ; [they contain one of th most virulent of 

 poisons, which possesses the curious property of causing contraction of the pupil. ED.]. 



LXXVI. ROSACES, Jiuun'eu. 



STEM herbaceous or woody. LEAVES alternate [opposite in Rhodotypus], stipulate, 

 or very rarely exstipulate (Spirsea, Aruncus, &c.). INFLORESCENCE various. FLOWERS 

 , sometimes diclinous [regular, asymmetrical in Tribe Chrysobalanese]. CALYX 5-4- 

 merous, imbricate or valvate in aestivation. PETALS as many as sepals, free, inserted on 

 the calyx, imbricate in aestivation, sometimes 0. STAMENS usually indefinite, many- 

 seriate, inserted like the petals; anthers 2-celled, introrse, dorsifixed. PISTIL very 

 various. OVULES anatropous. EMBRYO straight, ex albuminous, or very rarely albu- 

 minous (Neviusia). 



TRIBE I. POMACES, Jussieu. 



Stem woody. Leaves with free caducous stipules. Flowers 5 , terminal, in 

 a corymb, cyme, raceme or umbel. Receptacular cupule (calyx-tube of many 

 botanists) enveloping the ovaries, and adnate to them, terminated by a 5-lobed calyx. 



