470 CXIII. TJMBELLIFERJ5. 



Sunium Bulbo-castanum (Earth-nut). A tuberous globose stnrcby edible rootstock. 

 Pinijrinella Anisum (Anise or Aniseed). The fruit contains an aromatic volatile and a fixed oil ; it is 

 of a piquant and sweetish taste, and is much employed by confectioners and dealers in liqueurs ; recom- 

 mended as a carminative, diuretic, diaphoretic, and even expectorant. 



Slum Sisarum and S. Ninsi (Water Parsnip, Skirrets). Natives of China and Japan, rarely cultivated 

 in Europe. They have a sweet root with an agreeable aroma, considered to be an excitant. 



(Enanthe crocata (Meadow Saffron). A plant growing by river-sides. Root composed of oblong 

 fascicled tubercles, of a mild taste, containing a milky juice turning yellow when exposed to the air, 

 and eminently poisonous. 



JEthusa Cynapivm (Lesser Hemlock, Fool's Parsley). A very poisonous plant with a nearly 

 glaucous stem striped with reddish lines, with finely-cut dark green leaves with a disagreeable and 

 suspicious scent when bruised. It grows in all cultivated places, where it is often mistaken for Parsley, 

 which differs from it, besides the characters of the fruit, 1st, in its bright clear green foliage with 

 rather large divisions, the teeth of which are terminated by a little -white spot, and which have a fresh 

 aromatic smell ; 2nd, in the stem, which is neither glaucous nor marked below with reddish lines. 



Plu'Uandrium aquaticum. A poisonous plant ; the aromatic fruit is employed in medicine as an 

 antiphthisic and antidysenteric. 



Facninilum rulyare (Fennel). Fruit aromatic, stimulant, stomachic. Root and leaves aromatic, 

 used in medicine, the one as nutritive, the other as stimulating. 



Crithmum maritimum (Samphire). Juice a vermifuge; leaves aromatic, used as a condiment [and for 

 pickling]. 



Leristicum (iffidnak (Lovage, Mountain Hemlock). Roots and fruits with an agreeable smell, 

 slightly iflHnulant and diuretic. 



Angelica Archanf/elica (Angelica). Root a tonic. Fruit a stimulant and stomachic. Leaves vulne- 

 rary. Young stems preserved [in sugar] and eaten. 



Inijwatoria Ostntthitim (Master- wort). Root bitter, aromatic and stimulating. 



Pcuctdunttm offidnale (Sulphur- wort). Root containing a yellow foetid juice, formerly employed 

 against hysterics ; an aperient and bechic. 



Anethum yraveulcns (Bustard Fennel). Fruit exciting, tonic, carminative, employed in dyspepsia. 



Pnstinaca oleracea (Parsnip). An alimentary and stimulating root. 



Heracleum Spondyhum (Cow-Parsnip). Root acrid aud bitter. Stem sugary, with a fermentable 

 juice, which in the north yields a very intoxicating liquor. 



Cttminum Cyminum (Cumin). An Egyptian and Asiatic plant. Fruit aromatic, of a bitter and 

 hot tnste, used as a stimulating medicine. 



Thalia rillotu (Deadly Carrot). A Mediterranean plant. Root purgative. 



Dauctts C'urotu (Common Carrot). A sugnry edible root; its juice is administered as an analeptic. 

 Flowers very aromatic ; infused in alcohol they produce the liqueur called Oil of Venus. 



Myrrhis odorata (Sweet .Cicely). An aromatic plant, used for flavouring. 



Conium macitlalum (Hemlock). A poisonous plant, employed in cases of enlargement of the glands 

 and viscera. 



Anthriscus Ccrtfolium (Chervil). Cultivated in kitchen gardens, of an agreeable scent and perfumed 

 taste, without acridity or bitterness. 



Sniynrim Ohtsatmm (Alexanders) Formerly esteemed as a vegetable ; leaves very aromatic ; root 

 diuretic. 



Conundrum sufini/n (Coriander). Fruit fcwtid, witli the odour of bugs, becoming aromatic \vhendry ; 

 used as a stimulating and stomachic medicine. 



Ifydrocoti/li' itxiufica. Prescribed in India against leprosy. 



Arracaclta esculent a is an Umbellifer cultivated on the high table-lands of the Andes ; its tubercled 

 roots furnish an agreeable and digestible food. 



The gum-resins of some exotic Umbellifers are used in medicine; the most important is the Asa- 

 foetida [Devil's Dung, Narthex Asafatida], which is procured from a Persian [West Tibetan] plant 

 belonging to a ge ins near Fcrulu. This substance diffuses a very ftctid smell, and its taste is acrid and 

 bitter. The Persians praise it as a delicious condiment; it is recommended by European doctors as the 



