gf04 CXXII. COMPOSITE. 



or style of the $ flowers undivided. Achenes 3-4-angled, or terete, or often variously com- 

 pressed, naked or crowned with 24 slender or sub-paleaceous awns, sometimes mixed with 

 scales. Leaves opposite, rarely alternate. Corolla of the disk usually yellow, of the ray 

 usually of the same colour. Clibadium, Polymnia, Espeletia, Melampodium, Silphium, Partite- 

 nium, Xanthium, Zinnia, Siegebbeckia, Eclipta, Rudbeckia, Wedclla, Viguiera, Helianthus, Encelia, 

 Vcrbesina, Spilanthes, Coreopsis, Dahlia, llidcns, Calca, Hemizonia, &c. 



TRIBE VI. HELENIOIDE.S. Heads heterogamous, radiate, rarely discoid, or with the ray 

 suppressed and then homogamous. Receptacle naked. Anther-cells without tails. Style- 

 arms in $ flowers truncate or appendicrulate. Achenes narrow or turbinate, 4-5-angled or 

 8-co -ribbed, rarely naked, usually crowned with palese or bristles. Leaves opposite or alternate. 

 Involucral bracts 1-2- (rarely 3-4-) seriate, herbaceous or membranous. Corollas of the ray 

 usually yellow, of the disk the same, rarely differently coloured. Baliia, Laphamia, Flaverui, 

 Tarjetes, Pudis, Gaillnrdia, &c. 



TRIBE VII. ANTHEMIDEJ:. Heads heterogamous, rayed or discoid, or with the ray sup- 

 pressed and then homogamous. Involucral bracts, 2-x -seriate, dry or scarious at the tips. 

 Receptacle paleaceous or naked. Anther-cells without tails. Style-arms truncate. Pappus 0, 

 or coroniform, rarely shortly paleaceous. Leaves usually alternate. Corolla of the disk yellow, 

 af the ray the sarue or of a different colour. Eriocephalus, Athanasia, AcJiillea, Anthemi-s, 

 Chrysanthemum, Matricaria, Cotula, Tanacctum, Artemisia, &c. 



TRIBE VIII. SENECIGNIDEJE. Heads heterogamous, rayed or discoid, or with the ray 

 suppressed and then homogamous. Involucral bracts : inner 1-seriate, sub-equal ; outer small 

 or 0, rarely oo -seriate and imbricate. Receptacle usually naked. Anther-cells without a tail 

 At the base or only mucronatc. Style-arms of the g flowers truncate or appendiculate. 

 Pappus most often setose. Leaves usually alternate. Corolla of the disk usually yellow, of 

 the ray the same or differently coloured. Liabunt, Tussilago, Petasites, Arnica, Doronicum, 

 Culcitiiim, Gymmi, Cineraria, Seiiecio, Gynoxys, Wernnria, Enryops, Othonna. 



TRIBE IX. CALENDULE.E. Heads rayed. Involucral bracts 1-2-seriate, sub-equal, narrow. 

 Receptacle naked. Anther-cells mucronate or shortly tailed at the base. Style-arms of $f 

 flowers truncate, style of the < undivided. Achenes usually of various forms or very thick, 

 naked or crowned with wool. Leaves usually alternate or radical. Dimorphotheca, Calendula, 

 Tripteris, Osteospermum. 



TRIBE X. ARCTOTIDE^;. Heads rayed, rarely homogamous. Involucral bracts oo -seriate, 

 usually scarious and spinescent at the tips. Receptacle naked, paleaceous or pitted. Anther- 

 cells without tails. Style-arms in g flowers usually short, rounded, obtuse, rarely truncate at 

 the tip ; style of the $ flowers undivided. Achenes (usually thick) naked or with paleaceous 

 or coroniform pappus. Leaves radical or alternate. Ursinia, Arctotis, Venidium, Gazania, 

 Berkheya, Gulluniia, &c. 



TRIBE XI. CYNAROIDE.E. Heads homogamous ; flowers all tubular. Involucral bracts 

 many-seriate, imbricate, tips often scarious or spinescent or foliaceous. Receptacle often 

 fleshy, densely setose or paleaceous, rarely shortly alveolate. Corolla-limb narrow, deeply 5-fid. 

 Anther-cella without tails. Style sub-entire or with short erect arms, thickened and hairy at 

 the base of the stigmatiferous portion. Achenes usually hard ; pappus setose or paleaceous, 

 rarely 0. Leaves alternate, usually spinous. Echinopa, Carlina, Atractylis, Cousinia, Carduus, 

 Cnicus, Onopordon, Cynara, Samsurea, Jurinea, Serratida, Centaurea, Carthamus, Cardnncelhts, 

 &c. 



TRIBE XII. MUTISIACE.S. Heads heterogamous or homogamons, rayed or not. Involucral 



