096 



SYNOPSIS OF THE CLASSES, 



Rosacea, Hamamelidece, Balsamiflua, Haloragea, Gunneracea, Callitrichineie, Rhizophorea, Combreiac&e, 

 Lythrariete, Onagrarieee, Samydace<r, Loasete, Datiscea, Ficoidea, Tetragonie<p, Cornea, Garryacea. 



Plants with connate petals also occur in Anonacea, Pittosporea, Poli/galta, Portulacets, Tamariscinea, 

 Camelliacee, Dipterocarpea, Humiriaceee, Diosmeee, Balsaminea, Meliacea, llicinea, Stackhousiete, Droseracea, 

 Bruniaceee, Napokonea, Melaatomacete, Tumeracea, Cucurbitace, Cactece. 



SERIES I. THALAMTFLORAL. 



Sepals usually distinct and separate, free from the ovary. Petals l-2-oo -seriate, 

 hypogynous. Stamens hypogynous, rarely inserted on a short or long torus, or on a disk. 

 Ovary superior. 



Exceptions. Connate sepals occur in a few orders. The calyx is adnate to the ovary, or to a fleshy 

 torus embracing the ovary, in Pceonia of Ranunculacea, Calycanthacea, and in a few Anonacee?, Nympheeacea, 

 Portulacea, Capparideee, Bixinete, Polygalea, Camellincea, Vochysiacea, Tiliacea, and Dipterocarpeee ; peta- 

 loid sepals occur in apetaluus Ranunculacca, in Berberidecf, Tiliacete, and others ; the stamens are manifestly 

 perigynous in a few I>ilUniace<e, Papaoeracea, Capparidea, Moringca, Resedacea, Violariea, Caryophyllea, 

 Portulacea, Malvacea, and Stercutiacea. 



Cohort I. Ranales. Stamens very rarely definite. Carpels free or immersed in 

 the torus, very rarely connate. Micropyle usually inferior. Embryo minute in a fleshy 

 albumen. 



* Sepals usually 5 or fewer. Petals l-seriate. 



PAOK 



1. RANUNCCLACE.K. Sepals deciduous, 

 often coloured and petaloid. Petals often 0. 

 Herbs with alternate leaves, or shrubs 

 with opposite leaves ..... 171 



2. PILLENIACE.E. Sepals persistent, her- 

 baceous. Shrubs or trees, mrely herbs ; 

 leaves alternate ...... 180 



* * Sepal* or petals 2- 



3. CALTCANTHE^:. Sepals (or petals) and 

 stamens oo. Carpels sunk in the receptacular 

 tube. Albumen 0. Cotyledons convolute. 



Shrubs ; leaves opposite, exstipulate . 190 



4. MAGNOLiACBaj. Flowers ^. Sepals 

 and petals usually oo, l-oo -seriate. Torus or 

 gynophore often long. Albumen abundant ; 

 embryo minute. Trees or shrubs; leaves 

 alternate . ..... 192 



6. SCHIZANDRE^:. Flowers $ . Petals 

 and stamens oo -seriate. Climbing shrubs; 

 leaves exstipulate ..... 195 



6. ANONACEJE. Flowers Sepals 3. 



Petals usually 0, 2-eeriate. Albumen rumi- 

 nate ; embryo minute. Trees or shrubs; 

 leaves alternate, exstipulate .... 190 



7. MENISPERME.E. Flowers .. Pe- 

 tals usually 0, shorter than the sepals. Sta- 

 mens 0, opposite the petals. Carpels 1-3. 

 Slender twining shrubs; leaves alternate, ex- 

 stipulate ; flowers minute, green . . . 199 



8. P.KUUKKI IIK..K. Flowers $ . Sepals and 

 petals each 1-3-eeriate. Anthers extrorse, 

 bursting by raised valves. Carpel 1. Shrubs, 

 rarely herbs, not climbing ; leaves simple or 

 pinnate ; stipules minute .... 202 



9. I >\ Kin/. A it U.K.K. Flowers $ . Se- 

 pals 3-6. Petals 0, smaller than the sepals, 

 or 0. Usually climbing shrubs ; leaves com- 

 pound 205 



10. NYMPH^INEJB. Flowers ^. Sepals 

 3-6. Petals 3-oo , l-oo -seriate. Stamens 

 QO , hypogynous or attached to the torus. 

 Carpels free or connate, or plunged in a 

 fleshy obconic torus. Aquatic herbs ; leaves 

 usually floating ; flowers solitary, on scapes . 207 



Cohort II. Parietales. Stamens oo or definite. Carpels connate into a 1-celled 

 ovary with parietal placentas, rarely spuriously 2- or more- celled by the prolongation of 

 the placentas. (Carpels free in a few Pa/paveracece and Besedacece ; ovary regularly 3- or 

 more- celled in some Sarr'aceniacece, Papaveracece, Capparidece and Bixinece.) 



* Embryo minute, in the base of a Jleshy albumen. 



11. SARRACENIACE^. Flowers regular. 

 Stamens oo , free. Ovary 3-5-celled ; pla- 



centas axile. Scapigerous herbs with radi- 

 cal pitcher-shaped leaves .... 212 

 12. IJAPAVERACE^:. Flowers regular. 



