1004 



SYNOPSIS OF THE CLASSES, 



Berry or drupe 3-4-celled. Embryo curved 

 or spiral, exalbuminous. Shrubs ; leaves 

 opposite, simple, exstipulate, not gland- 

 dotted 434 



99. GRAJIATE^. Calyx-lobes valvate. Pe- 

 tals 5-7, epigynous, imbricate in bud. Sta- 

 mens oo, many-seriate. Ovary with 2 super- 

 imposed tiers of cells, upper tier with parietal, 

 lower with central placentation. Berry tra- 

 versed by membranous septa. Seeds with 

 fleshy testa, exalbuminous ; cotyledons con- 

 volute. A shrub ; leaves sub-opposite, 

 simple, exstipulate, not gland-dotted . . 435 



100. ONAGRARIE.E. Calyx-lobes valvate. 



Petals 2-4, epigynous, contorted. Stamens 

 2, 4, or 8. Ovary inferior, 2-4- rarely 1- 

 celled ; cells l-oo -ovuled. Embryo exalbu- 

 minous, straight. Herbs shrubs or trees; 

 leaves opposite or alternate, simple, exstipu- 

 late 436 



101. TRAPE.E. Calyx-lobes valvate. Pe- 

 tals 4, epigynous. Stamens 4. Ovary semi- 

 inferior, 2-celled; cells 1-ovuled; stigma 

 flattened. Fruit indehiscent, 2-4-epined or 

 horned, 1-seeded. Embryo exalbuminous; 

 cotyledons very unequal, one very large, the 

 other minute. Floating herbs ; leaves roau- 

 late, simple, exstipulate .... 439 



Cohort XIII. Paaaiflorales. Flowers usually regular, $ or unisexual. Ovary 

 usually inferior, syncarpous, 1-celled ; placentas parietal ; sometimes 3- or more- celled by 

 the produced placentas ; styles free or connate. 



* Flowers , except tome Samydacea and 

 Passifloreee. 



102. SAMYDACE.E. Petals like the sepals 

 or 0. Stamens definite, alternating with 

 scales, or oo. Ovary inferior or superior, and 

 inserted by a broad base ; style rarely 3-5- 

 fid. Embryo straight, albuminous. Trees or 

 shrubs : leaves usually alternate, simple, sti- 

 pulate or 0. (See also 21 Bi.rinea) . .441 



103. LoAS&f. Petals epigynous. Sta- 

 mens OD, rarely definite, many usually im- 

 perfect. Ovary inferior; ovules many. Cap- 

 sule mauy-seeded. Embryo albuminous. 

 Herbs, often clothed with hooked or stinging 

 hairs; leaves opposite or alternate, simple 

 lobed or pinnatin'd 442 



104. TURNERACE.E. Calyx-lobes imbricate. 

 Petals 5, perigynous, contorted in bud. 

 Stamens 5, sub-hypogynous. Ovary free; 

 styles 3. Capsule 3-valved. Embryo al- 

 buminous. Herbs or shrubs ; leaves alter- 

 nate, simple or pinnatifid; stipules minute 

 orO 445 



105. PASSIH.ORE.S. Petals perigynous, 

 often like the petals, or 0. Corona at the 

 base of the petals single, treble, or absent, or 

 reduced to scales. Ovary free ; style simple, 

 or styles 3-5. Capsule or berry usually 

 stipitate. Embryo exalbuminous. Shrubs, 



usually scandent ; leaves alternate, simple 

 or compound, stipulate or not, with or with- 

 out lateral tendrils 446 



Flmcers unisexual. 



106. CUCURBITACBJB. Petals epigynous, 

 usually confluent with the calyx. Stamens 

 3, rarely 5 ; anthers extrorse. Corona 0. 

 Ovary inferior; placentas produced to the 

 axis and revolute. Seeds exalbuminous. 

 Herbs or undershrubs, climbing or trailing ; 

 leaves alternate, often lobed, rarely com- 

 pound, exstipulate ; tendrils or lateral . 449 



107. BEGONIACE^E. Perianth-segments 2- 

 oo , often 4, epigynous, outer sepaloid or all 

 petaloid, rarely perianth tubular. Stamens 

 QO , rarely definite ; anthers adnate. Ovary 

 usually 3-angled, 3-celled ; styles often 2-fid ; 

 placentas axile, many-ovuled. Capsule or 

 berry many-seeded. Seeds minute, albumen 

 scanty or 0. Herbs, succulent ; leaves 

 alternate, often unequal-sided, entire toothed 

 lobed or digitate, stipulate .... 453 



108. DATISCE.U. Perianth-segments small, 

 epigynous. Stamens 4-oo ; anthers dorsifixed. 

 Ovary usually gaping at the top. Capsule 

 membranous, many-seeded. Albumen scanty. 

 Herbs or trees ; leaves alternate, simple or 

 pinnate, exstipulate 453 



Cohort XIV. Ficoidales. Flowers regular or sub-regular. Ovary syncarpous, inferior 

 semi-inferior or superior, 1-celled with parietal placentas, or 2-oo -celled with basilar or 

 axile placentas. Embryo albuminous and curved, or cyclical, or exalbuminous and oblique. 

 (This Cohort is allied to IV. Caryophyllinece, and XXVII., Chcnopodiales.) 



