COHOETS AND ORDERS. (BY THE EDITOR.) 



1019 



SUB-DIVISION II. Ovary syncarpous (rarely apocarpous in some Palmes). 

 Cohort IX. Palmales. -Flowers unisexual, in a simple or branched spadix, enclosed 

 or not in a spathe. Perianth of distinct 2-s-eriate coriaceous segments, green, rarely coloured, 

 Fruit a 1- rarely 2-seeded drupe or berry. Seed albuminous. Shrubs or trees, with 



or 0. 



^ 



flabellate or pinnately divided, rarely simple leaves. 



23. PALM^E. Flowers usually diclinous 

 on a branched spadix. Perianth of 6 her- 

 baceous 2-seriate segments. Stamens 0, 

 rarely more or fewer, hypogynous or perigy- 

 nous. Ovary 3- rarely 1-celled, or of 3 

 separate carpels; styles short, free or connate ; 

 cells 1- rarely 2-ovuled. Fruit various, 

 1-3-celled. Seeds large ; embryo minute, 

 sunk in a pit of the fleshy or horny albumen. 

 Trees or shrubs 



24. PHYTELEPHASIE^;. Flowers monoe- 

 cious or polygamo-dicecious, on a simple 

 club-shaped spadix. Perianth'Segments 2- 

 seriate, unequal. Stamens oo, inserted at 



811 



11 c i PAGE 



the base of the perianth. Ovary 1-celled and 

 1-ovuled, or 4-celled and 4-ovuled ; style 

 3-6'fid; ovule basal, auatropous. Fruit a 

 muricated syncarpous or coriaceous berry. 

 Seed large. Albumen like ivory. Dwarf 

 Palm-like plants ; leaves pinnate . . 821 



25. NIPACEJE. Flowers monoecious, in 

 cylindric catkins, $ capitate. Perianth $ 

 of 6 2-seriate segments, $> 0. Stamens 3, 

 filaments connate ; anthers extrorse. Carpels 

 3, obliquely truncate ; stignias sessile, ex- 

 centric ; ovule 1, ascending. Fruit an aggre- 

 gation of dry fibrous coriaceous drupes. Seed 

 large, furrowed ; albumen cartilaginous . 821 



Cohort X. Arales. Flowers $ or unisexual, arranged in a spadix or spike, with 

 or without a spathe, or sunk in pits of a minute scale-like frond. Perianth of distinct 

 pieces, white or green, or of minute scales, or 0. Fruit a drupe or berry with one, few, or 

 many small or minute albuminous seeds. Herbs, often gigantic, rarely trees ; leaves 

 simple or pinnatifid, very rarely pinnately divided. 



26. PANDANE^;. Flowers dioecious, in ob- 

 long or globose spadices. Perianth 0. Sta- 

 mens numerous, crowded. Ovaries numerous, 

 1-celled; stigmas sessile; ovules 1 or 3- 

 Fruit a head of fibrous 1-seeded drupes. 

 Seed small; albumen fleshy. Trees or 

 shrubs ; leaves simple, narrow, margins and 

 keel spinous . .... 822 



27. TTPHACE^. Flowers monoecious, in 

 simple or branched heads or catkius. Per 

 rianth or of slender scales or bristles. 

 Stamens crowded ; anthers basifixed. Ovaries 

 crowded, sessile or stalked, 1-celled; style 

 slender; stigma unilateral; ovule 1, pendu- 

 lous, anatropous. Fruit dry or drupaceous. 

 Albumen floury or fleshy. Herbs ; leaves 

 narrow, linear or ligulate, quite entire . 82.4 



28. CTOLAKTHE^:. Flowers diclinous, in 

 oblong or cylindric spadices, Perianth of 

 $ multifid, of ? or of 4 long-tailed seg- 

 ments. Stamens in 4 bundles, opposite the 

 perianth-lobes. Ovary 1-celled; stigmas 4; 

 ovules many, anatropous, on 4 parietal pla^ 

 centas. Fruit syncarpous, berried. Seeds small. 

 Albumen horny. Large stemless orclimbing 

 herbs ; leaves large, entire or 2-5-partite , 827 



29. FREYCINETIE.E. Flowers polygamo- 

 dioecious, in globose or oblong or cylindric 

 spadices. Perianth 0. Stamens oo ; filaments 

 isolated or grouped. Ovaries many, 1-celled; 

 stigmas sessile ; ovules many, auatropous, on 

 parietal placentas, Fruit syncarpous, berried. 

 Seed minute ; albumen fleshy. Large herbs 

 or trees ; stem erect or climbing ; leaves 

 narrow ; margins and keel spinous . . 830 



30. AEOIDE^;. Flowers ^ or diclinous, 

 in cylindric or oblong spadices. Perianth 0, 

 or of 4-8 scales. Stamens few or many, 

 filaments short or 0; anthers extrorse or 

 opening by pores. Ovaries aggregated, 1-4- 

 celled ; style distinct or ; ovules 1 or more, 

 basal or parietal, Berry 1- or more- seeded. 

 Seeds minute ; albumen fleshy or floury, 

 or 0. Herbs, stemless or with erect or 

 scandeut stems; 'leaves usually large, simple 



or pinnatifidly divided, usually net-veined . 831 



31. LEMNACE.S. Flowers $. Perianth 0. 

 Stamens 1-2 ; antbeivcells sub-globose. Ovary 

 1-celled ; style terminal j stigma funnel- 

 shaped ; ovules 1 or more. Fruit 1-niany- 

 seeded. Seed most minute. Albumen fleshy. 



Minute floating green scales , . . 839 



