GENERAL KEY TO THE FAMILIES 



PLANTS WITHOUT FLOWERS 



FERNS AND THEIR ALLIES 



Leaves large, fern-like. 



Sporanges in a spike or panicle above the sterile 

 leaf. Ophioglossaceae. 



Sporanges borne in sori, on the backs or margins of 

 the leaves. Polypodiaceae. 



Leaves small, reduced to scales. 



Stems erect, hollow, jointed, rush-like; leaves re- 

 duced to sheaths at the joints; Sporanges in 

 the terminal, cone-like spike. Equisetacese. 



Stems not hollow, creeping; leaves numerous, scale- 

 like; Sporanges of one kind, solitary in the axils 

 of the leaves. Lycopodiaceae. 



Stems creeping, moss-like; leaves numerous; spor- 

 anges of two kinds in the axils of the upper 

 leaves, which are formed into a quadrangular 

 spike. Selaginellaceae. 



PLANTS WITH FLOWERS 

 WOODY STEMMED PLANTS; TREES, SHRUBS, AND VINES 



TREES OR SHRUBS WITH RESINOUS JUICE', LEAVES 



USUALLY EVERGREEN. 



Fruit a cone, either dry or berry-like. Pinacese. 

 Fruit a fleshy crimson berry. Taxaceae. 



