STRUCTURAL BOTANY. 



93. A terminal cohesion, where summit as well as sides are 

 joined, forming a cap rather than cup, rarely occurs, as in the 

 calyx of the garden Escholtzia and the corolla of the Grape. 



45 



*, Flower of Saponaria (Bonncmg Bet): petals and claws quite distinct. 46, Phlox; claws united, 

 with laniinii distinct. 47, Spigelia (Pink-root), petals still further united. 48, Quamoclit cncciuea; 

 petals united throughout. 



94. The modes of adhesion are various and important, fur- 

 nishing some of the most valuable distinctive characters. An 

 organ is said to be adherent when it is conjoined with some dis- 

 similar organ, as stamen with pistil. All the organs of our 

 typical flower are described as free. 



50 



95. The term hypogynous (u*w, under, yuvij, the pistil) is an 

 adjective in frequent use, denoting that the organs are inserted 

 into the torus under, or at the base of the ovary or pistil. Or- 

 gans so situated are, of course, in the normal condition and free^ 

 there being no adhesions. Observe and explain the sectious of 

 JeftVrsonia and Violet (49, 50). 



