FORMS OF THE PERICARP. 



153. Caryopsis, the grain or fruit of the Grasses, is a thin, dry, 

 '-seeded pericarp, inseparable from the seed. 



154. Samara,' dry, 1-seeded, indehiscent, furnished with a 

 membranous wing or wings (Ash, Elm, Maple). 



184 vx 179 M 180 



178 



176, Acheiiia of Anemone limlictroides. 177, Creuiocarp of Archan^elica officinalis, its halves (mcn/- 

 earps) separated and suspended on the carpophore. 178, Cypsela of Thistle with its plumous pappus. 

 179, Utricle of Chenopodium (Pigweed). 180, Caryopsis of Wheat. 181, Samara of Elm. 182, Glans ol 

 Beech. 183, Drupe of Primus. 184, Fruit of Fragaria Indica, a fleshy torus like the Strawberry. 



155. Glans, or nut; hard, dry, indehiscent, commonly 1-seeded 

 by suppression ( 145), and invested with a persistent involucre 

 called a cupule, either solitary (Acorn, Hazelnut) or several 

 together (Chestnut, Beechnut). 



156. Drupe, stone-fruit; a 3-coated, 1-celled, indehiscent peri- 

 carp, exemplified in the Cherry and Peach. The outer coat 

 (epidermis) is called the epicarp; the inner is the nucleus or 

 endocarp, hard and stony ; the intervening pulp or fleshy coat 

 is the sarcocarp (tfap^, flesh). These coats are not distinguish- 

 able in the ovary. 



157. Tryma, a kind of dryish drupe, 2-coated; the epicarp 

 fibro-fleshy (Butternut) or woody (Hickory) ; the nucleus bony, 

 with its cell often deeply 2-parted (Cocoanut). 



158. Etcerio, an aggregate fruit consisting of numerous little 

 drupes united to each other (Raspberry) or to the fleshy recep- 

 tacle (Blackberry). 



159. Berry, a succulent, thin-skinned pericarp, holding the 

 seeds loosely imbedded in the pulp (Currant, Grape). 



160. Hesperidinm, & succulent, many-carpelled fruit; the rind 



