142 ORDER 65. CORNACEJ3. 



ORDER LX1V. ARALIACE^E. ARALIADS. 



Trees, shrubs or Jierbs closely allied to the Umbelworts in the leaves, in- 

 florescence and flowers, but the styles and cells of the OVARY are usually more 

 than 2 (3 to 5), cells 1-ovuled. Fruit baccate or dry, 3-5-celled, with 1 al- 

 buminous seed in each cell, and the petals not inflected. Fig. 242. 



I Style's and carpels 5. Umbels 00. Flowers perfect. Leaves alternate, pinnate ARALIA. 1 



S Styles and carpels 2 3. Umbel 1. Flowers dioecious. Leaves verticillate, palmate GINSKNO. 2 



} Styles 5, united into 1. Umb. 00. Flowers polygamous. Lvs. simple. Climbing HELKRA. 3 



1. ARALIA, L. WILII SARSAPARTLLA. Cal. tube adherent, limb 5- 

 toothed. Pet 5, ovate, spreading. Stain. 5, epigynous. Styles 5, recurved 

 above, persistent. Fr. a berry, 5-celled, 5-seeded, and 5-angled when dry, 

 If ^> Lvs. pinnately compound, alternate. Umbels several or many, white 

 or greenish, in summer. 



* Plants low (1 20, with few (37) umbels corymbously arranged Nos. 1, 8 



* Plants tall (3 12f), with numerous umbels in racemes Nos. 3, 4 



1 A. nudlcaulis L. Nearly stemless, with 1 ternate-pinnate leaf longer than the 



scape, which bears 3 umbels at top ; plant smooth. Tl Rich, Rocky wds. E. & W. If. 



2 A. hispid a L. Wild Elder. Stem shrubby and hispid-prickly at base, herbaceous 



above ; Ivs. 1-2-pinnate ; Ifts. ovate, cut-serrate, often lobed ; umbels about 5. long- 

 stalked, forming a terminal corymb, y. Dry fields. N. Eng. toVa. 1 2f. Fr. blae-blk. 



3 A. racemosa L. Pettymorrel. Herbaceous, smooth, branched ; Ivs. large, bi-ter- 



nate-pinnate, Ifts. ovate, serrate ; umb. email, GO, in a panicle of racemes, if. Rocky 

 woods. 3 5f. Root aromatic, an ingredient in small-beer. 



4 A. splnosa L. Angelica-tree. Hercules' Club. Shrub prickly ; Ivs. bi- and tri-pin- 



nate, Ifts. thick, ovate, cusp-pointed, glaucous beneath. Damp woods, O. to Fla. 8 

 12 20f. Trunk usually simple, bearing all the Ivs. and panicles at the top. 



2. GINSENG. (Panax, L. in part.} Dioecious-polygamous. Cal. tube 

 . adherent, limb obsolete. Pet 5, ovate, obtuse. Stain. 5, epigynous. Sty. 



2 or 3, distinct, erect. Fruit baccate, 2- or 3-seeded. $ Styles obsolete. 

 if Root tuberous. Stem simple, bearing 3 leaves in a whorl and one um- 

 bel. Flowers white. Fig. 242. 



1 . trllollum. Ground-nut. Root a round tuber ; stem low (3 60; Ivs. palmately 



3-5-foliate, Ifts. lance-oblong, serrate, subsessile ; peduncle longer than the petioles ; 

 ety. 3 ; berries 3-lobed, greenish-yellow. Low woods : com. May. Root farinaceous. 



2 G. quliiqiicfolium. True Ginseng. Root fusiform, fleshy ; St. taller (If +); Iva. 



palmately 5-foliate, 1ft?. ample, obovate. petiolulate, acuminate, serrate ; peduncle 

 shorter than the petioles ; sty. 2 ; berries 2-seeded, bright red. Rocky woods. Jn.-Aug. 



3. HEDERA. L. EUROPEAN IVY. Calyx 5-toothed. Pet 5, valvate. 

 Bta. 5. Sty. united into 1. Fr. ovoid, baccate, 5-seeded. Lvs. coriace- 

 ous, simple. Flowers green. 



II, HELIX. Stems woody, slender, climbing high by radicating fibres ; Ivs. dark green, 

 wit'-! whitish veins, roundish ovate, 5-angled ; umbels corymbed ; fr. black. Europe. 



ORDER LXV. CORKACE^E. CORNELS. 



Trees and shrubs, seldom herbs, without stipules. Leaves opposite or 

 mrelv alternate, simple, with pinnate veinleta. Calyx adherent to the 



