ORDER 69. DIPSACE^E. 151 



volute, at length evolving a plumous pappus. Cor. funnel-form, regular 

 5-cleft. Sta. 8. Fruit 1-celled, 1-seeded. It Leaves opposite, mostly pin- 

 nately divided. Flowers in close cymes. June, July. 



| Stems climbing and twining. Leaves ternately divided, long-stalked No. 1 



$ Stem erect. a Leaves and leaflets broad, somewhat ovate. Root fibrous .. .Nos. 2. 3 



a Leaves and leaflets narrow, nearly linear. Root fusiform No. 4 



t Garden exotics, native of Europe Nos. 5 8 



1 V. ftcandens L. Glabrous ; Ifts. ovate, thin, entire, pointed ; cymes diffusely paui- 



cled. axillary and terminal ; corolla very short. E. Fla. 4 6f. slender. 



2 V. panclflora MX. Rt. Ivs. ovate, cordate, crenate-serrate ; cauline of 3 Tovnte, 



toothed Ifts. ; cor. tube long (78") and slender, rose-white. O. to Va. and W. 1 2f. 



3 V. sylvatlea Richd. Rt. Ivs. ovate or oblonar, never cordate, entire ; cauline of 5 



11 lance-ovate, entire Ifts. ; cor. short (3- -4"), roseate. Swamps, Vt. and W. 



4 V. ednlls N. Smooth, thickish : root .vs. liuear-spatulate. entire ; cauline of 8 7 



lance-linear, acute segm., the margins ciliate ; cor. white, short (2 3"), in a dense 

 panicle. Low grounds, O. Wis. and W. The thick root is edible. 1 3f. 



5 V. DIOICA. Root Ivs. undivided ; cauline pinnatifid ; fls. panicled, $ 9 , blush. If. 



6 V. PHU. Root Ivs. undivided ; canline pinnate ; fls. corymbed. o , white. ST. 



7 V. OFFICINALIS. Lvs. all pinnate and toothed : fls. corymbed, blnsh-colored. 3f. 



8 V. PYRENAICA. Lva. cordate, toothed, upper pinnate ; fls. corymbed, pink-red. 1 2f. 



2. VALERIANELLA, Moench. DC. Calyx limb obsolete. Cor. tube 

 short, not spurred, limb 5-lobed, regular. Sta. 3. Stig. 3-cleft or entire. 

 Fr. o-celled, 1 -seeded, 2 cells empty. @ Stems forked above. Lvs. oppo- 

 site, oblong or linear, entire or toothed, sessile. Fls. in dense, terminal 

 eymelets. The specific characters are afforded mainly by the fruit. (Fedia, 

 Gaert. T. & G.) 



* Flowers pale blue. Fruit orbicular, fertile cell larger than the empty No. 1 



* Flowers white. a Fruit ovoid, fertile cell larger than the 2 empty Nos. 2, 3 



a Fruit subglobous, empty colls larger than the fertile Nos. 4, 5 



1 V. olltorla Mcench. Lamb Lettvce. Fr. finally broader than long ; fertile cell with 



a corky back, seed laterally compressed. Fields, N. Y. to Va. : rare. 8 12'. June. 



2 V. Fagopyrnm. Fruit smooth, ovoid-triangular, the empty cells at the obtuse 



angle, and no groove between ; fls. large (\\"). W. N-Y. to Wis. If. June. 



3 V. radlata Dnfr. Fruit pubescent, ovoid, somewhat 4-angled, 1-toothed at apex : 



empty cells with a groove between ; fls. small (\"). N. Y. (Howe) to Mich., and S. 



4 V. iimblllcata. Fr. inflated, apex 1-toothed. the anterior face deeply umbilicato 



and perforated into the empty cells, which are much larger. Ohio (Siillivant). 



5 V. patellarla. Fruit orbicular, flattened, the empty cell** widely divergent, ai 



length forming a winged margin to the fertile cell. N. Y. to O. (Howe, Sullirant.) 



ORDER LXIX. DIPSACEJS. TEASELWORTS. 



Herbs with whorled or opposite leaves and no stipules. Flowers in denst 

 heads, surrounded by an involucre as in Composite. Calyx adherent, pap- 

 pus-like, surrounded by a special scsrious involucel. Corolla tubular. Sta- 

 mens 4, alternate with the lobes of corolla, and distinct. Ovary inferior, 

 1-celled, 1-ovuled. Style 1, simple. Fruit dry, indehiscent, with a single 

 suspended seed. Fig. 441. 



1. DIPSACUS, L. TEASEL. Fls. in heads. Involucre many-leaved 



