ORDER 70. COMPOSITE. 181 



veined, tapering to the winged petiole ; hds. corymbous, yellow ; rays 1-5 ; fr. ;vina 

 lea*. 2i Dry, W. and S. 5f. Aug. Sept. 



2 V. VIrgiiiIca L. Stem narrowly winged; Ivs. alternate, lance-ovate, subserrate, 



feather-veined, tapering to the sessile base ; rays 34, white ; fruit narrowly winged. 

 V Dry woods, Pa. to La. 4f. August. 



3 V. gfnuata Ell. St. wingless, striate-angled : Ivs. alternate, ovate, acuminate, con- 



tracted to a long slender base and petiole, irregularly repand-toothed or lobcd : rays 

 3 5, white ; fr. broadly winged. V Sandy fields, S. 2-4f, with ample Ivs. Sept. Nov. 



62. DYSODIA, Cav. FALSE DOG-FENNEL. Rays 5. disk $. Invi ). 

 a single series of partially united scales, usually calyculate. Cyp. elongated, 



4 angled, compressed. Pap. scales chaffy, in 1 series, fimbriately and pal- 

 mately cleft iiito bristles. @ With large, pellucid glands. Lvs. mostly opp., 

 pinnately parted or toothed. Hds. paniculate or corymbous. Fls. yellow. 



D. chrywanthemoides Lagasca. Smooth, much branched ; Ivs. pinnately-parted. 

 lobes linear, toothed ; hds. with few very short rays. Prairies and waysides, W., mi- 

 grating E. If. AD ill-scented plant. Aug. Sept. 



63. GAILLARDIA, Foug. Rays neutral. Scales in 2 or 3 series, acute, 

 leafy, spreading, outer largest. Recep. convex, fimbrillate (naked in No. 1) 

 Rays cuneiform, 3-cleft. Cyp. villous with long hairs from its base. Pap- 

 pus of 610 long awns, which are membranous at base. Leaves alternate, 

 entire, often dotted. Heads on long, naked peduncles. May Aug. 



1 G. lanceolata MX. Lvs. lanceolate to linear ; sc. as long as the dark purple disk ; 



rays 8 10, small, yellow ; recep. naked. @ Barrens, S. Car. to Fla. and Tex. l-2f. 



2 G. PICTA. Lvs. lanceolate; sc. hairy, longer than disk; rays 10-12, violet-purple with 



yellow teeth ; recep. fimbrillate with slender awns, (i) 11 Dak. to Tex. 2f. Handsome. 



64. GAZANIA, Gsert. Rays neutral, disk-fls. 5 . Sc. in several rows, 

 united at base. Cyp. wingless, densely hairy. Pap. chaffy. Recep. alveolate. 

 From S. Africa. Hds. solitary, showy, on naked stalks. Rays tricolored 



G. SPECIOSA. Trailing, half-shrubby ; leaves oblong, entire or pinnatifld, smooth above, 

 white-tomentous beneath ; rays (10 orange-yellow, each with an eye of white and 

 chocolate at its base. Singularly beautilul. 



65. PALAFOXIA, Lagasca. Rays $ or 0. Sc. 8 15, scarious at tip, 

 shorter than the disk. Recep. flat, naked. Cyp. 4-angled, slender at base. 

 Pap. of 6 12 membranous, denticulate, pointed scales. U 3 With scattered, 

 narrow, entire Ivs. and cyanic fls. in a corymb. (Polypteris, N.) Jl.-Sept. 

 P. iiitosii-jloll i T. & G. Rough ; Ivs. lance-linear, 1-veined ; rays none ; pap. of 8 10 



pointed scales with fringed edges. Barrens, Ga. and Pla. 3 5f. Heads purplish. 



66. HYMENOPAPPUS, L'Her. Fls. all , tubular. Sc. 612, in 2 

 series, oval, obtuse, colored. Recep. small, naked. Anth. exserted. Cyp. 

 broad at the summit, attenuate to the base. Pap. of many, short, obtuse, 

 membranous scales in 1 series. (f) 24 Hoary-villous. Stem grooved and 

 angled. Leaves alternate, pinnately divided. 



II. scabiosfbus L'Hur. Leaf segm. linear-oblong ; corymb simple ; sc. obovatc, white, 

 greenish at base, longer than the disk; fr. pubescent. W. and S. 1 2f. Apr. June. 



67. HELENIUM, L. Rays 9 or neutral, 8-5-cleft at the expanded 



