OKPEK 70. COMPOSI1 At. 180 



1 C. Americana N. Erect, sparingly branched : leaves sessile, glabrous, rcpanrt 



toothed, ovate-oblong to lanceolate ; hds. few. very large, with the marginal fls. mucli 

 enlarged, paie-purple. Ark. La. and in 111. 2 4f. Appendages straw-yeJlow. 



2 C. nlgra L. Erect, branched, pubescent ; Ivs. angular-lyrate to lanceolate, dentate ; 



sc. ovate ; marg. fls. not enlarged, all purp. v Fields. Append, dark brown. Eur. 



3 C. C/anus L. Bachelor's-button. Erect, branched, downy; Ivs. linear; sc. ciliate- 



serrate : outer fls. much enlarged. Fields, gardens. Purple, blue, white. 



4 C. Calcltrapa L. Star Thixtle. Hairy, dift'usely branched ; Ivs. pinnately lobed, 



lobes lin. : scales tipped with spreading spines. @ Pa. to N. Car. Purple. J Eur. 



5 <'. MOSCHATA. Lvs. lyrate, dentate ; invol. subglobous, smooth ; sc. ovate ; ray-ftfl. 



scarcely enlarged ; pap, 0. (T) Persia. Purple, varying to white. July October. 

 O C. SUAVEOLENS. Yellow Sweet SMan. Lvs. oblong, toothed, the upper pinnatiftd at 

 base; ray fls. much enlarged, yellow ; pap. chaff-like. Levant. 1 2f. July Sept. 



94. CARTHAMUS, L. SAFFRON. Hds. discoid. Invol. imbricated, 

 outer bracts foliaceous. Fls. all tubular and 5 , filaments smooth. Pap. 0. 

 Receptacle with setaceous pales. Cypselae 4-angled. Oriental herbs. 



C. TINCTORICS. St. smooth ; leaves ovate-lanceolate, sessile, spinous-denticulate, half 

 clasping. (T) Egypt. Heads large, with long, slender, orange-colored flowers. July. 



95. CNIOUS, Vaill. BLESSED THISTLE. Heads discoid. Invol. ven- 

 tricous, imbricate with doubly spinous scales. Ray-fls. sterile. Receptacle 

 very hairy. Pappus in 3 series, the outer 10-toothed, the 2 inner each 10- 

 !>ristled. Oriental herbs. 



C. benedictus L. Lvs. somewhat decurrent ; dentate and spiny ; invol. doubly spi- 

 nous, woolly, bracteate. Fields, &c. : rare. 2f. Heads large, yellow. 



96. ONOFORDON, Vaill. COTTON THISTLE. Heads discoid, homog- 

 amous. Involucre ventricous, imbricate with spreading, spinous scales. 

 Recep. deeply alveolate. Pappus copious, capillary, scabrous. Cypselfe 4- 

 angled. Large, branching herbs, with decurrent leaves. 



O. acantliiiim L. Plant cottony-white ; involucre scales spreading, subulate ; leaves 

 ovate-oblong, sinuate, spinous. Waste grounds : rare. 3f. Fls. purp. Jl., Aug. 



97. CIRSIUM. Toum. THISTLE. Hds. discoid, homogamous. Invol. 

 subglobous, of many rows of spinous-pointed, imbricated scales. Recep. 

 bristly. Style scarcely divided. Pap. copious, plumous. Gyp. compressed, 

 smooth. Herbs with alternate Ivs., generally armed with spinous prickles. 

 Flowers in Summer. Figs. 178, 345. 



Leaves decurrent on the stem more or less, floccons-woolly beneath Nos. 1, % 



Leaves not decurrent, a white-tomentous both sides. Plants low, stout... Nos. 3, 4 



a white tomentous beneath oiily. Plants slender.. Nos. 5 7 



a green oth sides. b Hds. leafy-bracted at base.. .Nos. 8, 9 



* Hds. naked, few, large (l').Nos. 10, 11 



b Uds. naked, many, small No. 12 



1 c, lanceolatuni Scop. Common Thistle. Lvs. decurreut. pinnatiftd. hispid, the 



segments divaricate and spinous ; hds. several, ovoid, villous ; scales lanceoiate, tip- 

 ped with a spine, spreading. @ N. and M. : common. 3 4f. Heads purple. 



2 C. Leroutll T. & G. Slender, subsimple, with few hds. ; Ivs. lin. -lanceolate, more 



or less decurreut, hoary beneath, teeth few, spinous ; scales not spinous. cuspidate 

 N-arls large (!' diameter), purple. Swamps. Ga. Fla. to La. 2f. 



