304 DKDCU 122. CUPULIFERJS. 



bony endocarp (shell). Seed large, orthotropous, exalbuminous, with lobed, 

 often sinuous, oily cotyledons. 



Sterile araents solitary, simple. Epicarp persistent on the tri/ma JrjGLANa. 1 



Sterile aments clustered, lateral. Epicarp 4-valved and separating CAKTA. 3 



1. JUGLANS, L. WALNUT. $ Fl. a calyx, scale-like 5- or G-parted, 

 with about 20 stamens. $ Fls. terminal, 4-parted, with 4 greenish petals 

 and 2 fringed stigmas. Tryma with a spongy epicarp closely investing 

 the very rough endocarp. ^> Leaflets many. Pith in transverse plates. 



1 J. clnerea L. While W. Butternut. Tree 40 50f, with a large but short trunk, 



a.vd wide-spread branches; leaflets 15 17, lanceolate; fruit oblong-ovate, viscid- 

 hairy. Good for its fruit and handsome wood. April, May. 



2 J. nlgra L. Black W. Tree 60 90f, with a long, straight trunk; leaflets 1521, 



lance-ovate, subcordate ; fruit globous, glabrous, uneven, the kernel edible. The 

 wood is dark-purple, used in cabinet-work. April, May. 



3 J. REGIA, from Persia, but called English walnut, has 711 leaflets, and a smooth- 



ish endocarp (shell) with a rich kernel, Itarely cultivated. 



2. CARYA, N. HICKORY. $ Calyx scale-like, 3-parted, with 4 6 

 stamens. 9 Calyx 4-cleft, no petals. Stig. 2-lobed, lobes bifid. Epicarp 

 4-valved, disclosing a smooth, even nut. ^> Timber very strong. Leaves 

 and both kinds of flowers from same bud, in March May. 



Leaflets 13 15, scythe-shaped. Nut oblong, thin-shelled, very sweet No. 1 



Leaflets 7 11. Nut with a tender shell and very bitter kernel vNos. 2, J 



Leaflets 5 9. Nut roundish, hard-shelled, sweet and eatable. . .(*) 



* Valves of the epicarp distinct to the base. Bark with loose plates Nos. 4, 5 



* Valves of the epicarp united below. Bark continuous, firm Nos. 6 8 



1 C. olivjeioniils N. Pecan Nut. Tree 60 90f; leaflets falcate, 5 '; t aments 



separate to base ; nut with its kernel loose in the thin, oblong shell. River bottoms, 

 Ind., m., and S. Bark at length shaggy. 



2 C. amara N. Bitter Nut. Tree 20 40f; leaflets about 9, ovate-oblong, sharply 



serrate; fruit roundish, valves half-united ; nut white. Moist. 



3 C. aquatica N. Tree 30 40f ; leaflets about 11, lanceolate, oblique, eubentire ; 



fruit pedunculate, ovate, with a thin, reddish shell. Swamps, 8. 



4 C. alba N. Shagbark. Tree 40 50f, with a rough, shaggy bark ; leaflets 5, the two 



lower much smaller ; fruit and nut roundish, squarish, with a thin shell and very 



sweet meat : common. Fruit and timber excellent. 

 fi C. sulcata N. Thick-shellbark. Tree 40 80f, with shaggy bark ; leaflets 7 or 9, the 



odd one subsessile ; fruit large, oval, 4-furrowed ; nut pointed at each end, 112' 



long, with thick shell. Common West. 

 C. tomentosa N. Mocker Nut. Tree 40 60f ; bark ragged, but not shaggy ; leaf 



lets 79. odd on stalked, all and the petiole rough-downy ; aments hairy ; nut with 



a very thick shell and small kernel. 



7 C. porciiia N. HrjHut. Tree 60- lOOf; leaflets 5 or 7, nearly glabrous : fruit ovate 



to pyriform, wit'h a bitterish kernel : common. (C. glabra Torr.) 



8 C. mlerocarpa N. Tree 60 80f ; leaflets 5 or 7, glabrous ; aments glabrous ; fruit 



roundish-ovoid, as small as a nutmeg. Woods, N. Y., and S. 



ORDER CXXII. CUPULIFERJE. MASTWORTS. 



Trees or shrubs. Ltaroc* alternate, simple, straight-veined, with decidu- 

 ous stipules. Flower* S , the sterile in aments which are racemed or capi- 



