366 ORDER 154. CYPERACE^E. 



CLASS IV. GLUMIFER^l, 



Or GLUMACEOUS E.NDOGENS. Plants having their flowers in- 

 vested with one or more alternate imbricated glumes (chaff or 

 husk) instead of petals and sepals, and collected into spikeleta, 

 spikes, or heads. The Class is equivalent to 



COHORT 7. GEAMINOIDE^E, the GKAMINOIDS or grasa- 

 like plants. 



ORDER CLIV. CYPERACE^E. THE SEDGES. 



These are grass-like or rush-like herbs, with fibrous roots and solid culms. 

 Leaves generally 3-ranked, linear, channelled, based on entire or tubular 

 sJieaths. Flowers spiked, perfect or imperfect, one in the axil of each 

 glume. Perianth none, or represented by a few hypogynous bristles called 

 setce, or a cup-shaped or bottle-shaped perigynium. Stamens definite, gen- 

 erally 3 (1 12). Anthers fixed by their base, 2-celled. Ovary 1-celled, 

 1-ovuled. Style 2- or 3-cleft and the achenium 2-sided or 3-sided. 



The Sedges abound in marshes, meadows, and swamps. 



S CYPERE^E. Glumes distyehous (2-rowed). Flowers all perfect... () 



S SOIKrE.fi. Glumes imbricated all around, each (except sometimes the lowest) with a perfect flower 



Spikes all terminal or all lateral. . .(**) 

 S RHYNCHOSPORE.S. Glumes imbricated all around or irregularly, the lowest empty. Spikeleti 



both terminal and axillary (except Dichromena and Chietospora). ..(***) 

 { CAKICE.E. Glumes imbricated all around, or irregularly. Flowers monoecious or dioecious. Ache- 



nium enclosed in a bottle-shaped perigi/nium... (****) 



* Inflorescence axillary. Perigynium or perianth of 6 10 setae ....................... DOLICHIUM. 1 



* Inflorescence terminal. Perigynium none. a Spikes 2- 00 -flowered ................ CYPERUS. 2 



a Spikes 1-flowered, capitate ........... KYI.LINGIA. 3 



Perianth of 3 orate clawed petals and (often) of 3 setse. Glumes awned... . ......... FCIRKNA. 4 



* Perianth of 2 oblong sessile scales (pales) and no setae. Spikes 00 ............... LIPOCARFH A. 6 



* Perianth of 1 minute double scale and no setae. Spikes 2, lateral ................ HEMICARPHA. 6 



** I'erianth of setae only, 3 00. No scales or petals. . .(&) 

 * Perianth none at all...(rf) 



6 Achenium crowned with a tubercle. Spike solitary, terminal ................ ELEOCHIKIS. 7 



b Achenium not tubercled. c Setae 3 6, short, or else tawny. (CH^ETOSPORA. 18} ..... Sciupcs 8 



c Setie 00 (6), long, cottony, white or reddish ____ ERIOPHOKC.W 9 



d Style 2-cleft. Spikes 5 10, terminal (capitate in Gen. 13) .................... FIMBRISTYLIS. ID 



J Style 3-cleft. Achenium 3-angled ....................................... TRICHELOSTYLIS. 11 



** ^chenia crowned with the persistent style or its bulbous base (a tubercle). . .() 



Achenia not tuberculate, x brown like the scales. Setse none .................... CLADIDH H! 



x white or whitish, crustaceous. Setae none ............. SCLKKIA. 17 



I Perianth none (no setae). y Spikes diffusely cymous ...................... PSH.OCAUYA. 12 



y Spikes capitate. Bracts colored ............ DICUROMK.NA. 13 



Perianth of setae. z Achenium tuberculate with the base of the style.. RHYNCHOSPORA. U 

 z Acheniura horned with the entire long style ..... CERATOSCINENUS. 19 



** Spikes either witt g and y flowers, or each wholly g or wholly $ ................. CARKX. 19 



1. DULICHIUM, Rich. Spikes linear-lanceolate, flattened. Glumes 

 sheathing, closely imbricated in two rows. Style long, bifid, the persist- 



