SURVEYS BY THE UNITED STATES BUREAU 121 



Miller series. Brown to red alluvial soils formed from the reworking of 

 materials derived from the Permian Red Beds. Very productive soils suit- 

 able for cotton, corn, sugar cane, alfalfa, and vegetables; especially adapted 

 to peaches. 



Ocklocknee series. Gray to yellowish brown soils found along streams in 

 Coastal Plain Georgia, Alabama, and Mississippi. Cotton, corn, and pastur- 

 age are the leading products. 



Wabash series. Dark brown or black soils subject to overflow. Very pro- 

 ductive soils used for cotton, sugar cane, corn, wheat, oats, grass, alfalfa, 

 sugar beets, and potatoes and other vegetables. 



Waverly series. Light -colored, alluvial soils subject to overflow. Less pro- 

 ductive than the Wabash soils, but adapted to the same wide range of crops. 



Wheeling series. Brown to yellowish brown soils occurring on gravel ter- 

 races along streams issuing from glaciated regions. Excellent soils for general 

 farming, and fruit and truck growing. 



PIEDMONT PLATEAU 



Lying between the Atlantic Coastal Plain and the Appalachian Moun- 

 tains and extending from the Hudson River to east-central Alabama is an area 

 of gently rolling to hilly country known as the Piedmont Plateau. On the 

 Atlantic side it is closely defined by the "fall line," which separates it from the 

 Coastal Plain, but on the northwestern side the boundary is not sharp, although 

 in the main distinct. In its northern extension the Piedmont Plateau is 

 quite narrow, but broadens toward the south, attaining its greatest width in 

 North Carolina. 



The surface features are those of a broad rolling plain that has been deeply 

 cut by an intricate system of small streams, whose valley walls are rounded and 

 covered with soil, although many small gorges and rocky areas occur. The 

 altitude varies from about 300 feet to more than 1000 feet above sea level. 



The extreme northern part of the Piedmont region, in New Jersey, has been 

 glaciated, but elsewhere the soils are purely residual in origin and have been 

 derived almost exclusively from the weathering of igneous and metamorphic 

 rocks. The chief exception is the detached areas of sandstones and shales of 

 Triassic age. Marked differences in the character of the rock and the method 

 of formation has given rise to a number of soil types, those derived from crys- 

 talline rocks being the most numerous and widely distributed. Among these 

 the soils of the Cecil and Chester series predominate. The principal types 

 formed from the sandstones and shales are included in the Penn series. 



Cecil series. Gray to red soils with bright red clay subsoils, derived from 

 igneous and metamorphic rocks. Constituting by far the larger portion of the 

 province, these soils are well adapted to, and used for, cotton, export tobacco, 

 and fruit, and the lighter members for truck crops. As a rule, they are not 

 highly developed, but where properly handled the heavier members produce 

 excellent crops of corn and grazing and hay grasses. 



