84 SOIL PHYSICS AND MANAGEMENT 



brown in color, with light brown to reddish brown subsoils, but 

 never so distinctly red as the Decatur series. The topography is 

 undulating to gently rolling. They are derived from limestone. 

 The soils are very productive and well adapted to corn, small grain, 

 clover, blue grass, timothy, and apples. Three million acres have 

 been mapped. 



IV. THE GLACIAL AND LOESSIAL PROVINCE 



The glacial and loessial province includes that part of the United 

 States lying east of the Great Plains in which the soils are derived 

 from ( 1 ) ice-laid deposits left by the retreat of the ice at the close 

 of the glacial period, (2) water-laid material intimately associated 

 with the ice-laid material, deposited during the advance and retreat 

 of the ice in the form of out- wash plains, and (3) silt deposits laid 

 down by water or wind during, or subsequent to, the retreat of the 

 ice. The ice-laid deposits are found north of an irregular line run- 

 ning from Cincinnati to La Crosse, Wisconsin, thence southward 

 to Iowa City, Iowa, continuing in a westerly direction to the south- 

 eastern corner of South Dakota. South of that line they are mainly 

 loessial, presumably wind-laid deposits. The two tongues, the one 

 running down the Mississippi and the other southwestward across 

 Kansas and Oklahoma, are entirely so. 



Bangor Series. This series is characterized by grayish to yel- 

 lowish brown surface soils, with subsoils of lighter gray and yellow- 

 ish brown. All of the types are stony and gravelly. The soils are 

 derived from glacial till containing more or less material from the 

 local serecitic schist rock. The topography is rolling to hilly. With 

 the exception of the stony loam and shallow phase of the loam the 

 types of this series are fair general farming soil. 



Caribou Series. The members of this series have yellowish 

 .brown soils which usually rest upon a light gray lower till. The 

 soil material is derived from glacial till overlying calcareous shales 

 or shaly limestone, the till itself being derived from the under- 

 lying calcareous formation, having been transported for only short 

 distances. The soils are very productive, being especially adapted 

 to Irish potatoes, grain and peas. 



Carrington Series. These soils are derived through weather- 

 ing of the glacial till with little or no modification from loessial de- 

 posits. The soils are generally prairie, black in color, ranging in 

 some cases to dark brown. The subsoils are lighter colored gen- 



