90 SOIL PHYSICS AND MANAGEMENT 



material in glacial lakes or ponds. The soils of this series grade 

 into muck and peat. The topography is level and the soil is nat- 

 urally poorly drained. They are highly productive and valuable 

 for corn, grass, sugar beets, cabbage, and onions. About 1,500,000 

 acres have been mapped. 



Dunkirk Series. The soils are derived from the weathering of 

 glacial lake deposits and include the lighter colored soils formed 

 from such material. The surface soils range from brown to gray 

 in color and the subsoils from brown to yellow or gray with or 

 without mottling. The topography varies from smooth to rough. 

 An area of almost two million acres has been mapped. 



Fargo Series. This series occurs principally in the old glacial 

 Lake Agassiz, in the Red River Valley, and in other old glacial lake 

 beds in the same region. They are very black in color, containing 

 a very large per cent of organic matter, in some cases enough to 

 make them slightly mucky. The subsoil contains a large amount of 

 lime. The topography is level. The area mapped is nearly 3,000,- 

 000 acres. 



Fox Series. These are gray to brown and of level or slightly 

 undulating topography. The material was laid down as outwash 

 plains or terraces along streams within the glacial area. 



Manchester Series. The soils of the Manchester series are 

 generally rather sandy in texture and the surface soils are red or 

 brown in color. The subsoils are red or reddish and in the lower 

 part grade into the glacial till. They are formed from old alluvial 

 or lacustrine sediments disposed as terraces in the Connecticut 

 Valley. They are adapted to fruit, early truck, grains, and tobacco. 



Merrimac Series. The surface soils of the Merrimac series 

 are brown to light brown in color and usually underlain by yellowish 

 sand and gravel. They constitute the glacial terraces found along 

 nearly all streams in Xew England. The material consists princi- 

 pally of crystalline rocks which were ground up by the ice and 

 reworked by water. 



Orono Series. The surface soils are light hrown and gray and 

 the subsoils are gray. The heavier types occur as estuarine 

 and glacial lake plains or outwash plains. The lighter types are 

 derived from esker and glacial-delta material. The adaptation to 

 crops varies with the texture and drainage. The heavier soils are 

 best suited to grass and grains, the intermediate, to general farming, 

 and the light sandy ones to truck crops. 



. Plainfield Series. The surface soils of the Plainfield series 



