ULLAGE 



339 



see cultivation done over four inches deep with the large or medium 

 shovel. There are two types of cultivators with four or five small 

 shovels in each gang the eagle claw and the spring-tooth. These 

 penetrate the soil to a depth slightly more than two inches. A form 

 of the shovel plow is made hy replacing the inside shovel with a 

 little diamond or har share plow hy which the soil is thrown up 

 into a high ridge along the corn TOW. 



The disk cultivators (Fig. 157) consist of three disks on each 

 side and may he used to good advantage where the hind weed or 

 wild morning glory abounds. As these cultivators are commonly 

 used the disks are set to run deep aud corn-row ridges result. They 



Fia. 157. Disk cultivator. 



Fia. 158. Surface or blade cultivator 

 with levoler. 



may, however, he adjusted to run shallow and leave the soil com- 

 paratively level. 



Blade cultivators (Fig. 1 ">!>) consist of four hlades, two to 

 each gang, from 11 to IS inches long and two to three inches wide. 

 These are placed at an angle such that there is a slight tendency 

 to move some soil toward the row, hut- most of it falls over the hlade, 

 leaving a loose mulch. This implement is very satisfactory for 

 shallow cultivation, and may he so adjusted as to stir the soil to a 

 depth of three inches or more. Cultivation to this depth, however, 

 is seldom advisahle hecause of the injury to the roots. The hlades 

 cover the entire space hetwcen the rows, so there is very little chance 

 for weeds to escape. " A "-shaped hlades are heing used to some 

 extent. The sweep is a modification of the hlade cultivator. Kach of 

 the ahove is made in hoth one- and two-row forms. Various imple- 

 ments for use with one horse are found, such as the double-shovel, 

 the five-shovel, and fourteen-tooth cultivators. 



