386 SOIL PHYSICS AND MANAGEMENT 



(2) tobacco, (3) wheat (clover) and (4) clover. In the rice 

 district the following is recommended: (1) rice, (2) rice, (3) corn 

 (cowpeas), (4) winter oats (cowpeas), or (4) winter oats and 

 vetch (cowpeas). 



If one of the money crops is potatoes, then (1) corn (cow- 

 peas), (2) potatoes (soybeans), and (3) cotton (crimson clover) 

 may form the rotation. The legumes in corn and cotton should 

 be used primarily for soil improvement, while those following other 

 crops may be used for hay or soil improvement. These rotations 

 are only suggestive. For the stock farm, almost any of the above 

 rotations may be extended two or three years for hay or pasture, or 

 both, with whatever meadow or pasture grass does best in the 

 locality, whether it is redtop, timothy, brome, blue, or Bermuda 

 grass. 



3. For Hay and Pasture Province. The hay and pasture 

 province (Fig. 189) occupies the northeastern part of the United 

 States in the cooler temperate zone with a southward extension 

 m the Appalachian Mountains to northern Georgia. Grass for hay 

 and pasture is the principal crop grown, yet corn, potatoes, rye, 

 oats, wheat, clover, and barley are somewhat extensively produced 

 in many areas. 



The short seasons do not permit the growing of two crops and 

 hence the greater difficulty of raising soil-renovating crops. There 

 is, however, this advantage, that oxidation of organic matter does 

 not take place so rapidly as in warmer climates and the supply is 

 therefore easier to maintain. 



The following rotations are recommended: (1) Potatoes, (2) 

 rye (clover), (3) clover; or (1) corn, (2) potatoes, (3) rye 

 (clover), (4) clover. For pasture or hay timothy may be seeded 

 with the clover and left for two or three years. If desirable, oats 

 may be substituted for rye. If potatoes are omitted, a good rotation 

 is as follows: (1) corn, (2) oats, (3) wheat (clover), (4) clover 

 and timothy, (5) timothy. This rotation may be shortened by 

 leaving out wheat, making a very desirable rotation for some 

 localities. 



4. The spring wheat region and the great plains province 

 occur east of the Rocky Mountains, and wheat is the principal crop 

 of both. In the former (1) corn, (2) wheat, (3) wheat, and (4) 

 legume may be practiced. In some localities potatoes may be sub- 

 stituted for corn. In a live stock system, clover and timothy may 

 be sown and used for hay and pasture. 



