CONTENTS. xv 



CHAPTER XXV. 



RECOGNITION OF THE CHARACTER OF SOILS FROM THEIR NATIVE VEGE- 

 TATION. UNITED STATES AT LARGE, EUROPE, 511. Forest Growths 

 outside of Mississippi ; Alabama, Louisiana, Western Tennessee, and 

 Western Kentucky, 511. North Central States East of the Mississippi 

 River, 513. Upland and Lowland Vegetation in the Arid and Humid 

 Region, 515. Forms of Deciduous Trees in the Arid Region, 516. 

 Tall Growth of Conifers, 517. Herbaceous Plants as Soil Indicators, 

 517. Leguminous Plants Usually Indicate Rich or Calcareous Lands, 

 518. European Observations and Views on Plant Distribution and its 

 Controlling Causes, 519. Composition of Pine Ashes on Calcareous and 

 Non-calcareous Lands. Table, 52o.--Calciphile, Calcifuge, and Indifferent 

 Plants, 521. Silicophile vs. Calciphile Flora, 523. What is a Calcareous 

 Soil ? 524. Predominance of Calcareous Formations in Europe, 525. 



CHAPTER XXVI. 



THE VEGETATION OF SALINE AND ALKALI LANDS, 527. Marine Saline 

 Lands, 527. General Character of Saline Vegetation, 527. Structural 

 and Functional Differences Caused by Saline Solutions, 528. Absorp- 

 tion of the Salts. Table, 529. Injury from the Various Salts, 531. 

 Reclamation of Marine Saline Lands for Culture, 533. The Vegetation 

 of Alkali Lands, 534. Reclaimable and Irreclaimable Alkali Lands 

 as Distinguished by their Natural Vegetation, 534. Plants Indicating 

 Irreclaimable Lands, 535. Tussock Grass ; Bushy Samphire ; Dwarf 

 Samphire ; Saltwort ; Greasewood ; Alkali Heath ; Cressa ; Salt Grass, 

 536. Relative Tolerances of the different Species ; Table, 549. 



APPENDICES. 



A. Directions for taking Soil Samples, issued by the California Experiment 



Station, 553. 



B. Summary Directions for Soil-Examination in the Field or Farm, 556. 

 C. Short Approximate Methods of Chemical Soil-Examination Used at the 



California Experiment Station, 560. 

 General Index, 565. 

 Index of Authors referred to, 591. 



